Thin Titanium Foil Surface Treatment for Adhesive Bonding

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing surface treatment methods for thin titanium foils are prone to damaging these fragile materials, which are essential for bonding within heater assemblies used in gas turbine engines and airframes to prevent ice formation, while ensuring adequate bonding is crucial for durability and functionality.

Innovation Solution

A method involving initial cleaning with nitric acid/hydrofluoric acid, followed by light alkaline treatment, etching with Turco etchant, desmutting with nitric acid, and ultrasonic water cleaning, and applying a primer to stabilize the surface, ensuring a durable bond without mechanical damage to the foil.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Strength

If common surface treatment techniques are applied to thin titanium foil, then bonding capability is improved, but the foil is damaged

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebonding capabilityVSAvoidfoil integrity
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The invention changes the parameters of surface treatment by using a multi-step chemical process (nitric acid/hydrofluoric acid cleaning, alkaline treatment, Turco etchant, nitric acid desmutting) instead of conventional mechanical or single-chemical treatments. This controlled chemical parameter sequence achieves adequate surface bonding capability while maintaining foil integrity through precise concentration and time control of each treatment step

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The surface treatment process is segmented into multiple distinct steps, each with a specific function: initial cleaning with nitric acid/hydrofluoric acid, light alkaline treatment, etching with Turco etchant, desmutting with nitric acid, and ultrasonic water cleaning. This segmentation allows each step to be optimized independently to achieve the desired bonding surface without excessive damage to the thin foil

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

2Volume of moving object

If the titanium foil thickness is reduced to minimize space, then space occupation is reduced, but bonding capability deteriorates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvespace occupationVSAvoidbonding capability
Core Design Contradiction:
Volume of moving objectVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

By reducing foil thickness to minimize space while applying controlled chemical surface treatment parameters (specific acid concentrations, treatment durations, and temperatures), the invention maintains adequate bonding capability on ultra-thin foils that would otherwise be too fragile for conventional surface preparation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The invention replaces mechanical surface treatment methods (such as abrasion or blasting) with chemical treatment methods (acid and alkaline solutions). This substitution is critical for thin foils as chemical treatment can prepare the surface for bonding without the mechanical stress and potential damage associated with mechanical methods

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This surface treatment method enhances the interlaminar shear strength of titanium foil-based composites, preventing adhesive failure and ensuring environmental durability by promoting strong bonding with surrounding layers, as demonstrated through four-point short beam shear tests.

Implementation Method 1

initial cleaning with nitric acid/hydrofluoric acid

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectChemical dissolution:

Implementation Method 2

light alkaline treatment

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSaponification and emulsification:

Implementation Method 3

etching with Turco etchant

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectChemical etching:

Implementation Method 4

desmutting with nitric acid

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectOxidation and dissolution: Oxidation

Implementation Method 5

ultrasonic water cleaning

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAcoustic cavitation: Acoustic Cavitation

Implementation Method 6

applying a primer to stabilize the surface

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAdsorption and film formation: Adsorption

Data Source

PatentEP1918093B1Surface treatment for a thin titanium foil
Publication Date: 2014.04.23 UNITED TECH CORP
  • EP1918093B1 patent drawingFigure 1~4
  • EP1918093B1 patent drawingFigure 5
  • EP1918093B1 patent drawingFigure 6

AI summary

A method of surface treating a thin titanium foil having a thickness of less than about 3 mils (about 0.0762 mm) is used to facilitate adequate bonding of the foil with an adhesive. The method includes cleaning (54) the foil with an acid solution and further cleaning (62) the foil using an ultrasonic water treatment. Additional steps that may optionally be performed in between the acid solution and the ultrasonic water treatment include cleaning (56) the foil with a first alkaline cleaner, followed by etching (58) and desmuting (60) the foil.