Thiol-Modified Macromolecule Derivatives for Biomedical Applications
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current thiol-modified macromolecule derivatives have limited adjustable molecular structures and chemical properties, which restrict their applications in biomedicine due to short side chains and weak chemical reactivity.
Innovation Solution
Synthesis of thiol-modified macromolecule derivatives with adjustable side chain structures and chemical properties using macromolecules with side carboxyl groups, modified through hydrazide/carbodiimide coupling to introduce thiol groups, allowing for flexible chemical structures and enhanced reactivity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If thiol-modified macromolecule derivatives with conventional structures are used, then the basic biomedical functions are achieved, but the side chains are very short which limits the probability of collision between thiols and other chemical functional groups, leading to weak chemical reactivity
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the parameter of side chain length from conventional short lengths to extended lengths (1-50 amino acid residues), thereby increasing the probability of collision between thiol groups and other chemical functional groups, which directly improves chemical reactivity
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates composite structures by combining macromolecule backbones with extended side chains containing thiol groups, amino acid sequences, and various functional groups. This composite architecture allows the side chains to achieve both extended length for improved reactivity and controlled functionality for specific biomedical applications
2Adaptability or versatility
If thiol-modified macromolecule derivatives with fixed structures are used, then the synthesis process is simplified, but the side chain structures and properties are unitary and cannot meet the various requirements in biomedicine
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the side chain into modular components including amino acid sequences (1-50 residues), functional groups, and linkage structures. This segmentation allows independent optimization of each component to meet different biomedical requirements while maintaining overall structural control
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces dynamic adjustability in side chain length, composition, and functional group placement. The side chains can be tailored with different numbers of amino acid residues (1-50), various amino acid types, and adjustable thiol group positions, enabling adaptation to diverse biomedical applications without固定 (fixed) structure constraints
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The resulting derivatives exhibit improved reactivity and stability of thiol groups, enabling the formation of disulfide-bond cross-linked materials with enhanced biomedical applications, such as cell growth matrices and drug delivery carriers.
Implementation Method 1
The thiol-modified macromolecule derivatives... can be oxidated to form a disulfide bond again under proper conditions
Implementation Method 2
The thiol-modified macromolecule derivatives are synthesized through chemical modification... modified through hydrazide/carbodiimide coupling to introduce thiol groups
Data Source
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Figure 3~4
AI summary
The disclosed is thiol-modified macromolecule derivatives having the general formula of (I) or (II), as well as the disulfide bond cross-linked materials and the thiol-reactive crosslinker cross-linked materials, wherein R1 and R2 are alkylene groups, substituted alkylene groups, aromatic groups or polyether groups and the like, respectively. R1 and R2 may have same or different chemical structure, and P is a residue of a macromolecule with side carboxyl group. The thiol-modified macromolecule derivative has a molecular weight of from 1000 to 5,000,000. The thiol-modified macromolecule derivative having the general formula of (I) or (II) of the present invention has a side chain with flexible chemical structure and adjustable properties, and has a number of advantages, such as mild reaction condition, high production yield, high degree of modifying, and the controllable modifying degree and so on. The cross-linked material made from the thiol-modified macromolecule derivative of the present invention can be used to inhibit cell attachment and be used as the matrix for cell attachment growth.