Externally Threaded Piezoelectric Linear Platform With Self-Locking Precision
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional electromagnetic motors fail to meet the requirements of microminiaturization, high integration, high reliability, and multifunctionality in precision applications, and existing piezoelectric actuators lack structural compactness and universality for precise positioning.
Innovation Solution
A linear motion platform driven by an external thread piezoelectric actuator, comprising a metal matrix with external threads, piezoelectric assemblies, and a driving nut, utilizing sinusoidal voltage signals to achieve high-precision, compact, and universal motion with self-locking capabilities.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional electromagnetic motors are used, then power and speed can be achieved, but microminiaturization, high integration, and electromagnetic interference-free requirements cannot be met
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the electromagnetic motor system with a piezoelectric actuator system. The piezoelectric actuator uses the piezoelectric effect to convert electrical energy directly into mechanical motion, eliminating the need for complex electromagnetic components such as stators, rotors, and windings. This substitution enables microminiaturization and high integration while being inherently electromagnetic interference-free, thus resolving the contradiction between reliability and device complexity.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the fundamental operating principle from electromagnetic to piezoelectric actuation. By utilizing the direct coupling between electrical and mechanical domains in piezoelectric materials, the system achieves high precision positioning and rapid response without the size and complexity constraints of electromagnetic motors, thereby improving reliability while reducing device complexity.
2Measurement precision
If piezoelectric actuators are used, then high positioning precision and rapid response are achieved, but structural compactness and universality are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent designs a universal piezoelectric actuator structure with a standardized body, external threads, and modular components. The actuator can be configured with different thread pitches, lengths, and mounting options to suit various application requirements. This universal design enables the same basic actuator structure to serve multiple functions and be adapted to different positioning platforms, thereby improving versatility while maintaining high positioning precision.
Solution Approach 2:
The piezoelectric actuator is divided into modular components including the piezoelectric ceramic element, metal matrix, external threads, and mounting features. This segmentation allows for standardized interfaces and easy configuration adjustments, enabling the actuator to be universally applied across different precision positioning systems while maintaining compact structure and high positioning precision.
3Force
If electromagnetic motors are used, then power output is sufficient, but self-locking capability and anti-backlash performance are poor
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a lead screw mechanism with high friction coefficients between the screw threads and nut, creating inherent self-locking capability. The friction force generated during operation automatically prevents backward motion and maintains positioning without requiring additional braking or holding mechanisms. This self-service feature provides both force output and stable positioning, resolving the contradiction between force and self-locking capability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The platform achieves high-precision, rapid response, and electromagnetic interference-free motion with adaptable length for various applications, ensuring precise positioning and universality.
Implementation Method 1
A piezoelectric actuator forces an elastomer to generate vibration based on the fundamental principle of an inverse piezoelectric effect of a smart material
Implementation Method 2
converts vibration through friction between a stator and a rotor into a macroscopic motion
Data Source
AI summary
Disclosed are a linear motion platform driven by an external thread piezoelectric actuator and a method thereof. The linear motion platform comprises an actuator, a first fixed support, a second fixed support, a rolling bearing, a connecting plate, an objective table, and M guide assemblies. The actuator comprises a metal matrix, a driving nut, a first piezoelectric assembly, a second piezoelectric, a front beam, a rear beam, and first and second fixed bolts. The platform can drive the objective table to perform a linear motion directly through the actuator, is simple and compact in structure, high in precision, capable of being self-locked in case of power failure and good in universality, and has relatively high application values in the field of precision transmission.