Three-Broadside-Mode Patch Antenna with Rotational Symmetry
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional patch antennas typically exhibit only two broadside radiation modes, making it challenging to achieve compact designs with multiple broadside radiation patterns due to high mutual coupling between antenna ports, which limits their efficiency and versatility in massive MIMO applications.
Innovation Solution
A compact three-broadside-mode patch antenna design featuring a rotationally symmetric radiator with three antenna ports, where the radiator is capacitively fed by a hexagonal patch, allowing for low mutual coupling and broadside radiation patterns at 0, 120, and 240 degrees, enabling a 50% increase in antenna ports with reduced size and mutual coupling.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If conventional patch antennas with two coaxial probes are used, then vertical and horizontal polarized radiations can be achieved, but only two broadside radiation modes are obtained and mutual coupling between antenna ports increases when more modes are added
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs a rotationally symmetric radiator with C3 symmetry (120-degree rotational symmetry) instead of conventional square or circular symmetry. This asymmetric rotational symmetry enables three distinct broadside radiation modes with polarizations at 0°, 120°, and 240° directions, while the specific geometric arrangement minimizes mutual coupling between the three antenna ports compared to conventional symmetric designs.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from conventional two-dimensional patch antennas to a three-dimensional structure by suspending the rotationally symmetric radiator above the ground plane using a dielectric support structure. This vertical dimensionality change creates spatial separation that reduces mutual coupling while enabling three broadside radiation modes through the rotationally symmetric geometry.
2Productivity
If the number of antenna ports is increased for massive MIMO applications, then data throughput and link reliability improve, but antenna size and mutual coupling increase
Solution Approach 1:
The rotationally symmetric radiator serves multiple functions simultaneously: it generates three broadside radiation modes with different polarizations, acts as a compact radiating element for massive MIMO arrays, and maintains low mutual coupling through its geometric design. This multi-functionality enables a single antenna element to provide three antenna ports worth of capability.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent combines three conventional antenna elements into a single integrated rotationally symmetric radiator structure. By merging multiple radiation functions into one compact element with C3 symmetry, the design achieves three antenna ports in a space smaller than three separate antennas would require, while the rotational symmetry ensures balanced performance across all three modes.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design achieves low mutual coupling and identical radiation characteristics across three ports, enhancing antenna gain, efficiency, and impedance bandwidth, making it suitable for massive MIMO applications with a 50% increase in antenna ports compared to conventional dual-polarized patch antennas.
Implementation Method 1
a patch, wherein the patch is separated from the rotationally symmetric radiator by a dielectric and configured to capacitively feed the rotationally symmetric radiator
Data Source
AI summary
A three-broadside-mode patch antenna includes: a rotationally symmetric radiator; a patch, wherein the patch is separated from the rotationally symmetric radiator by a dielectric and configured to capacitively feed the rotationally symmetric radiator; and three antenna probes, connected to the patch, configured to provide three antenna ports corresponding to three respective broadside radiation polarizations.