Three-Injector PET Injection for Stable Bottle Preform Flow

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Solution Overview

Problem

The use of PET flakes in plasticization processes requires a continuous flow of molten plastic, which leads to hydraulic shocks and degradation issues when using traditional injection apparatuses with two injectors, potentially damaging components and producing undesired compounds like acetaldehyde and benzene.

Innovation Solution

An injection apparatus with three injectors, including a third auxiliary injector, is designed to receive molten plastic during valve switching, minimizing residence time and controlling piston movement to maintain constant pressure, thereby avoiding hydraulic shocks and degradation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Productivity

If two injectors are used to receive continuous molten plastic flow from the extruder, then productivity is improved, but hydraulic shocks occur during valve switching that can damage components

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecontinuous flow utilizationVSAvoidcomponent damage from hydraulic shocks
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The system divides the injection function into three separate injectors (first injector, second injector, and third auxiliary injector) instead of using two. This segmentation allows the third injector to act as a buffer during valve switching transitions, absorbing hydraulic shocks that would otherwise damage components while maintaining continuous productivity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The third auxiliary injector is positioned and configured to receive molten plastic before the main injectors are fully switched between operation. This beforehand cushioning captures the flow during valve transition periods, preventing hydraulic shocks from propagating back to the extruder and damaging components like the molten plastic pump.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #11Beforehand cushioning (Prior cushioning)

2Manufacturing precision

If valves are switched to alternate between two injectors, then manufacturing precision is improved, but molten plastic degradation occurs during switching transitions

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinjection control precisionVSAvoidplastic degradation into acetaldehyde and benzene
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The third auxiliary injector serves as an intermediary receiver during valve switching transitions. Instead of directly switching between two main injectors which causes flow interruption and degradation, the third injector mediates the transition by temporarily receiving the flow, maintaining continuous processing and preventing the formation of harmful degradation products like acetaldehyde and benzene.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Manufacturing precision

If the screw moves forward and backward during plasticization, then manufacturing precision is improved, but the flow becomes discontinuous requiring complex valve control

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveplasticization controlVSAvoidvalve switching control system
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The injection system is segmented into three independent injectors with individual valve control. This segmentation allows each injector to be controlled independently, simplifying the overall valve control system compared to a two-injector system where precise synchronization and switching are required to maintain continuous flow.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The apparatus effectively prevents hydraulic shocks and minimizes plastic degradation, ensuring a stable continuous flow for producing high-quality bottle preforms.

Implementation Method 1

there can be conditions such that both valves simultaneously prevent the molten plastic from entering into the respective injector, e.g., during the switching of the valve position. It is possible that, when both valves prevent the molten plastic from entering into the respective injector, a hydraulic shock or fluid hammer occurs in the conduit

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHydraulic shock prevention: Fluid Hammer

Implementation Method 2

controlling piston movement to maintain constant pressure

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPressure control: Pressure Gradient

Implementation Method 3

the screw rotates and moves backward along the longitudinal axis thereof while melting the granules

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMelting: Melting

Data Source

PatentEP4429865B1Injection apparatus for producing hollow plastic articles, in particular bottle preforms
Publication Date: 2025.07.09 SIPA SOCIETA INDUSTRIALIZZAZIONE PORGETTAZIONE E AUTOMAZIONE SPA
  • EP4429865B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP4429865B1 patent drawingFigure 3~4
  • EP4429865B1 patent drawingFigure 5~6

AI summary

An injection apparatus (100) for injecting molten plastic, in particular PET, into a mold for molding bottle preforms; the injection apparatus (100) comprising - a first injector (1) and a second injector (2) adapted to receive molten plastic and inject it into the mold alternately to each other; - a conduit (8) adapted to carry molten plastic from a plasticization apparatus (102) towards the first injector (1) and towards the second injector (2); - a third injector (3) provided with a piston (32), the third injector (3) being connected to the conduit (8) so as to receive molten plastic from the conduit (8) and then inject it into the conduit (8); - actuation means (34) adapted to cause the piston (32) of the third injector (3) to move forward to inject the molten plastic into the conduit (8); wherein said actuation means (34) are adapted to control the backward movement of the piston (32) of the third injector (3) while it receives the molten plastic from the conduit (8).