Three-Phage Soil Composition for Stable Carbon Fixation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing soil microbial carbon fixation techniques neglect the cross-boundary interaction of microorganisms and often result in secondary biological pollution, with complex and costly manual preparation processes, and are affected by the dominant niche of indigenous microflora, leading to a decline in carbon fixation efficiency.
Innovation Solution
A phage composition containing three specific phages (Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa phage φYSZKP, Bacillus cereus phage φYSZBA1, and Bacillus cereus phage φYSZBA2) is injected into target soil to optimize microbial communities and enhance carbon fixation through auxiliary metabolic genes, promoting a synergistic carbon fixation effect.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If microbial inoculum is applied to promote soil carbon fixation, then carbon fixation efficiency is improved, but secondary biological pollution occurs and indigenous microflora balance is disrupted
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses phages as intermediary agents to indirectly enhance carbon fixation. Instead of directly introducing carbon-fixing microorganisms that may cause pollution, the invention introduces phages that infect and modulate the behavior of indigenous bacteria, thereby stimulating their carbon fixation capacity without disrupting the overall microbial ecosystem balance
Solution Approach 2:
The patent leverages the self-regulating capability of the soil microbial ecosystem. By introducing phages that naturally infect and control bacterial populations, the system activates the indigenous microflora's inherent carbon fixation functions without requiring external carbon-fixing organisms, allowing the ecosystem to serve itself while enhancing carbon fixation
2Productivity
If manual preparation of microbial inoculum is performed, then carbon fixation can be enhanced, but preparation complexity and cost increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts the essential function of carbon fixation enhancement from complex microbial inoculum preparation by isolating and utilizing only the necessary phage components. This simplifies the preparation process from cultivating and maintaining complex microbial cultures to simply introducing specific phages that trigger the desired carbon fixation response
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs phages as simple, inexpensive, and easily deployable agents compared to complex microbial inoculums. Phages can be produced through straightforward replication in bacterial cultures and applied as simple suspensions, eliminating the need for complex sterile preparation, storage, and application procedures required for live microbial inoculums
3Productivity
If exogenous carbon-fixing microorganisms are introduced, then carbon fixation potential increases, but they are suppressed by dominant indigenous microflora niches
Solution Approach 1:
Instead of introducing exogenous carbon-fixing microorganisms that are suppressed by dominant indigenous species, the patent inverts the approach by introducing phages that infect and modulate the dominant indigenous bacteria themselves. This transforms the dominant species from competitors into contributors of carbon fixation, ensuring their continued presence and function in the ecosystem
Solution Approach 2:
The patent uses phages as mediators to bridge the gap between dominant indigenous microflora and carbon fixation enhancement. The phages act as signaling agents that trigger metabolic changes in indigenous bacteria, enabling them to perform enhanced carbon fixation while maintaining their established ecological niches and population dominance
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The phage composition significantly enhances soil carbon fixation by increasing the abundance of carbon fixation genes and organic matter content, while minimizing ecological risks and reducing operational costs.
Implementation Method 1
Phages can transfer auxiliary metabolic genes (AMGs) through horizontal gene transfer to compensate the expression of a variety of physiological functions of the host
Implementation Method 2
participating in the host-mediated biogeochemical carbon cycling by means of lysogenization, assisting the host to perform the biosynthesis function, and finally realizing macroscopic carbon fixation
Implementation Method 3
lysing the host community, which leads to the release of metabolites and thereby promotes the accumulation of environmental organic carbon
Data Source
AI summary
A phage composition and an use thereof in strengthening soil carbon fixation, said phage composition including three phages, namely, a polyvalent phage φYSZKP that attacks Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa; a Bacillus cereus phage φYSZBA1; and a Bacillus cereus phage φYSZBA2. In the present invention, the phage composition is injected into the target soil, and an approach of strengthening soil carbon fixation by means of cooperation with the host bacteria through injection of AMGs from the phage is employed; at the same time, the phage has a function of regulating the soil microbial communities from bottom to top; a network of symbiosis with indigenous bacteria is further optimized, and the soil carbon fixation potential is improved. This technique is an environmental improvement technique that achieves a good carbon fixation effect, has a low price and is environment-friendly.