Three-Phase Skew Control via Impedance Shifting

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Solution Overview

Problem

Mobile communication devices with sophisticated digital camera sensors face challenges in producing high-quality digital images due to distortions caused by inter-symbol interference and lossy transmission lines, despite advanced processing capabilities.

Innovation Solution

The implementation of skew control for three-phase communication using the MIPI Alliance camera serial interface (CSI-3) specification, which involves configuring the driving impedance of signal branches to reduce signal skew by shifting the rightmost and leftmost crossings of signal skew, thereby minimizing jitter and improving data integrity.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If raw digital data are transmitted over lossy transmission lines from digital camera sensor to image processor, then data transmission is achieved, but signal distortion occurs due to inter-symbol interference, reflections, and crosstalk

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedata integrityVSAvoidsignal distortion
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent applies parameter changes by dynamically adjusting the impedance of signal branches during operation. Specifically, the impedance of a signal branch is changed from a first impedance value to a second impedance value based on the operational state of other signal branches. This dynamic parameter adjustment compensates for signal distortions caused by lossy transmission lines, inter-symbol interference, reflections, and crosstalk, thereby improving data integrity while maintaining the existing transmission infrastructure.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Productivity

If three-phase communication is implemented with signal branches coupled to common mode voltage, then communication functionality is achieved, but signal skew occurs between branches

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecommunication throughputVSAvoidsignal timing alignment
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent addresses signal skew by dynamically changing the impedance parameter of signal branches based on their coupling state to common mode voltage. When a signal branch is coupled to common mode voltage, its impedance is adjusted to compensate for timing differences. This parameter adjustment aligns the timing of signal transitions across different branches, reducing signal skew while maintaining three-phase communication functionality and throughput.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent implements feedback mechanisms where the impedance adjustment of each signal branch is determined by the operational state of other signal branches. The system continuously monitors the coupling state of signal branches to common mode voltage and adjusts impedances accordingly. This feedback loop ensures that signal timing remains synchronized across all branches, effectively reducing signal skew while maintaining communication productivity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

Data Source

PatentEP3161969B1SKEW control for three-phase communication
Publication Date: 2021.06.23 QUALCOMM INC
  • EP3161969B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3161969B1 patent drawingFigure 2A
  • EP3161969B1 patent drawingFigure 2B

AI summary

Aspects disclosed in the detailed description include skew control for three-phase communication. A three-phase communication involves three signal branches. A signal skew may occur when one signal branch is being coupled to a common mode voltage while another signal branch is being decoupled from the common mode voltage. In this regard, in one aspect, an impedance mismatch is introduced in the signal branch being coupled to the common mode voltage to help shift a rightmost crossing of the signal skew leftward. In another aspect, a current source or a current sink is coupled to the signal branch being decoupled from the common mode voltage to help shift a leftmost crossing of the signal skew rightward. By shifting the rightmost crossing leftward and the leftmost crossing rightward, it is possible to reduce the signal skew, thus leading to reduced jitter and improved data integrity in the three-phase communication.