Three-Stage Degassing and Dewatering Device for Offshore Oil
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current degassing and dewatering devices for offshore oil and gas exploitation face challenges such as inefficient separation, rupture of water particles in electric fields, and a lack of advanced three-phase separation technology in China, leading to suboptimal separation processes and effects.
Innovation Solution
A three-stage degassing and dewatering device with a tube network and rod electrode squirrel-cage formation, utilizing axial-flow type collision buffer degassing, elevated efficient degassing, and high-frequency high-voltage rapid dewatering operations, featuring vertical, horizontal, and elevated T-shaped tubes, and a dynamic electric field to achieve efficient three-phase separation of oil, gas, and water.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If a horizontal degassing and dewatering device is used, then the structure is simple and compact, but water particles may be ruptured due to shearing action affecting separation effect
Solution Approach 1:
The device is divided into three distinct stages: first-stage axial-flow collision buffer degassing, second-stage elevated efficient degassing, and third-stage high-frequency high-voltage rapid dewatering. Each stage performs a specific function, avoiding the shearing action problem in horizontal devices while maintaining compact structure through vertical arrangement.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention transitions from horizontal arrangement to vertical arrangement of processing stages. The vertical configuration eliminates the shearing action that occurs in horizontal devices, preventing water particle rupture while achieving compact footprint through upward flow direction.
2Productivity
If coalescing fillers are used to attach oil droplets to surfaces, then dewatering is accelerated, but the structure becomes complex and size increases
Solution Approach 1:
The invention replaces mechanical coalescing fillers with an electric field-based dewatering system. High-frequency high-voltage electric fields induce dipole moments in water droplets, causing them to coalesce and separate from oil without requiring complex filler structures, thus maintaining structural simplicity while achieving rapid dewatering.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the operating parameters by applying high-frequency high-voltage electric fields instead of relying on passive coalescing materials. This active field-based approach accelerates dewatering through electrostatic forces while keeping the device structure simple and compact.
3Productivity
If electric field dewatering is used, then dewatering efficiency is improved, but water particles may be ruptured again affecting subsequent gravity sedimentation
Solution Approach 1:
The dewatering process is segmented into three stages with the electric field applied only in the third stage after preliminary separation. This staged approach allows gravity sedimentation to work effectively in the first two stages without interference from electric field-induced particle rupture, maintaining process stability while achieving high dewatering efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
Preliminary separation actions (axial-flow collision buffer degassing and elevated efficient degassing) are performed before applying the electric field. This preliminary treatment reduces the complexity of the emulsion, allowing the subsequent electric field dewatering to be more effective without causing excessive particle rupture that would undermine the separation process.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The device achieves highly efficient three-phase separation with low water and gas content in oil and low oil content in water, effectively separating gas-containing crude oil from water-containing crude oil, improving separation efficiency and quality.
Implementation Method 1
The rod electrode uses a concentric loop laminated squirrel-cage formation, and constructs a dynamic electric field with a high frequency and a high voltage. The water droplets of the crude oil emulsion in the dynamic electric field with a high frequency and a high voltage are electrostatically coalesced in a dynamic manner, and enlarged rapidly
Implementation Method 2
The first-stage degasser implements a first-stage axial-flow type collision buffer degassing and dewatering operation according to a trapezoidal seam cone tube and a collision overflow plate
Implementation Method 3
The second-stage degasser sends the first-stage crude oil to the oblique degassing tube, and implements the second-stage elevated efficient degassing operation
Implementation Method 4
a dewatering solution of separating two processes, i.e. water particle coalescence and growth and gravity sedimentation
Data Source
AI summary
A three-stage degassing and dewatering device includes a first-stage degasser, a second-stage degasser, an oil drainer, a rod electrode, a dewaterer, and a water drainer. The first-stage degasser implements a first-stage axial-flow type collision buffer degassing and dewatering operation, forming a first-stage crude oil after removing some of the gas and water in the gas-containing and water-containing crude oil. The second-stage degasser implements a second-stage elevated efficient degassing operation, forming a second-stage crude oil after removing the remaining gas in the first-stage crude oil. The rod electrode constructs a dynamic electric field with a high frequency and a high voltage, and implements a third-stage high-frequency and high-voltage rapid dewatering operation together with the dewaterer, forming a qualified crude oil after removing the remaining water in the crude oil emulsion.