Three-Subpixel LCD Electrode Structure for Gray Expression
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Solution Overview
Problem
Liquid crystal displays (LCDs) in the vertical alignment mode face challenges in expressing accurate gray levels at low grays due to increased luminance, leading to deteriorated display quality and non-uniform luminance caused by parasitic capacitance interference between pixels.
Innovation Solution
The implementation of a liquid crystal display structure with three subpixel electrodes on a substrate, each receiving different voltages, and an overlapping configuration with an insulating layer, allowing for the formation of distinct electric fields across different regions of a pixel, thereby controlling transmittance and reducing luminance non-uniformity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If one pixel is divided into two subpixels with different voltages to match side visibility to front visibility, then side visibility is improved, but luminance becomes non-uniform and gray expression deteriorates at low gray and high gray levels
Solution Approach 1:
The pixel is divided into three subpixels instead of two, with each subpixel receiving different voltages. This segmentation allows for more granular control of transmittance across different gray levels, enabling accurate gray expression while maintaining side visibility. The three-subpixel structure provides additional degrees of freedom to independently control luminance characteristics.
Solution Approach 2:
Different voltage levels are applied to different subpixels within the same pixel based on their specific positions and functions. The first subpixel receives a first voltage, the second subpixel receives a second voltage, and the third subpixel receives a third voltage, creating local variations in electric field strength that optimize both side visibility and gray expression accuracy across different regions of the pixel.
2Ease of operation
If two subpixels are used to approximate side visibility to front visibility, then visibility is improved, but luminance increases at low gray and high gray levels causing non-uniform luminance
Solution Approach 1:
Dividing the pixel into three subpixels provides finer control over luminance distribution. By applying different voltages to each of the three subpixels, the system can more precisely regulate transmittance at low and high gray levels, preventing the luminance non-uniformity that occurs with only two subpixels.
Solution Approach 2:
The invention employs different voltage parameters (first voltage, second voltage, third voltage) applied to different subpixels to control the liquid crystal orientation and transmittance. By varying these voltage parameters across the three subpixels, the system achieves uniform luminance characteristics while maintaining improved side visibility.
3Reliability
If parasitic capacitance interference between pixels occurs, then signal integrity deteriorates, but increasing voltage differentiation to control transmittance increases device complexity
Solution Approach 1:
The three-subpixel structure with insulating layers provides electrical isolation between adjacent pixels, reducing parasitic capacitance interference. The segmentation into multiple subpixels with independent voltage control allows for better signal integrity while the systematic voltage application method keeps the control complexity manageable.
Solution Approach 2:
Insulating layers are introduced as intermediary elements between the subpixels and between adjacent pixels. These insulating layers act as mediators that reduce parasitic capacitance effects while allowing the voltage control mechanism to function effectively, thereby improving signal integrity without proportionally increasing device complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enables smoother transmittance changes across gray levels, improving gray expression and preventing luminance non-uniformity by dividing the pixel area into regions with varying electric fields, thus approximating side visibility to front visibility while minimizing parasitic capacitance interference.
Implementation Method 1
The liquid crystal display generates an electric field in the liquid crystal layer by applying voltages to the field generating electrodes
Implementation Method 2
to control polarization of incident light, thereby displaying an image
Implementation Method 3
preventing luminance from being non-uniform by interference between pixels due to a parasitic capacitance
Data Source
AI summary
A liquid crystal display according to an exemplary embodiment includes: a first subpixel electrode configured to have a first voltage applied thereto; a second subpixel electrode configured to have a second voltage applied thereto; a third subpixel electrode configured to have a third voltage applied thereto; an insulating layer between the first subpixel electrode and the second subpixel electrode or between the second subpixel electrode and the third subpixel electrode; and a common electrode configured to have a common voltage applied thereto, wherein the second subpixel electrode and the third subpixel electrode overlap each other with the insulating layer positioned therebetween, the first subpixel electrode and the third subpixel electrode are disposed at opposing sides of the gate line, and the first voltage and the third voltage are different.