Three-Switch Power Conversion Circuit for High-to-Low Voltage Step-Down
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional power supply systems provide high input voltages, making it impossible for voltage regulation modules to receive the required lower input voltage, thereby limiting the miniaturization and efficiency of the voltage regulation module.
Innovation Solution
A power conversion circuit is designed to achieve voltage reduction, comprising a switch bridge arm, grounding switches, cross-connected storage capacitors, and a floating driving circuit, which converts high input voltage to a lower output voltage.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Volume of moving object
If the voltage regulation module adopts lower input voltage to reduce inductor size, then the volume of the voltage regulation module is reduced and power conversion density is increased, but the module cannot receive the required lower input voltage from the conventional power supply system which provides high voltage
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a voltage conversion module as an intermediary between the conventional high-voltage power supply system and the low-voltage voltage regulation module. This module includes a first voltage conversion circuit that steps down the high input voltage to a lower intermediate voltage, which is then supplied to the voltage regulation module. This intermediary solution resolves the contradiction by enabling the module to operate at low voltage while remaining compatible with the high-voltage power supply system.
Solution Approach 2:
The power supply system is segmented into two distinct functional modules: a voltage conversion module that handles high-to-low voltage transformation, and a voltage regulation module that operates at low voltage for miniaturization. This segmentation allows each module to be optimized independently - the conversion module handles the voltage level mismatch while the regulation module achieves reduced volume through low-voltage operation.
2Adaptability or versatility
If the voltage regulation module uses high input voltage from conventional power supply, then compatibility with power supply system is maintained, but the inductor size and overall module volume cannot be reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The voltage conversion module serves as a mediator that decouples the voltage level requirements between the power supply system and the voltage regulation module. It receives high voltage from the conventional power supply system, converts it to a lower voltage level, and supplies it to the voltage regulation module, thereby enabling both compatibility with the high-voltage system and volume reduction in the regulation module.
Solution Approach 2:
The system is divided into two independent functional segments: the voltage conversion module that maintains compatibility with the high-voltage power supply system, and the voltage regulation module that achieves volume reduction through low-voltage operation. This segmentation allows the regulation module to use smaller inductors and components while the conversion module handles the high-voltage interface requirements.
3Adaptability or versatility
If the voltage regulation module operates at high input voltage, then power supply compatibility is ensured, but power conversion efficiency is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The voltage conversion module acts as an efficient intermediary that performs the high-to-low voltage transformation with minimal energy loss using synchronous rectification and resonant switching techniques. By handling the voltage conversion at the source rather than requiring the regulation module to operate at high voltage, the system achieves both power supply compatibility and improved overall power conversion efficiency.
Solution Approach 2:
The voltage conversion module dynamically changes the voltage parameter from high to low through controlled switching operations. By adjusting the duty cycle and switching frequency of the power switches, the module efficiently transforms the high input voltage to the required lower voltage level, minimizing energy losses during the conversion process while maintaining compatibility with the high-voltage power supply system.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The power conversion circuit effectively reduces the output voltage relative to the input voltage, reducing the volume and increasing the power conversion density and efficiency of the voltage regulation module.
Implementation Method 1
a first cross-connected storage capacitor and a first floating driving circuit... The first terminal is electrically connected to the positive input terminal... converts high input voltage to a lower output voltage
Data Source
AI summary
A power conversion circuit is provided. In the power conversion circuit, a three-switch unit of a switch bridge arm includes first, second and third terminals and upper, middle and lower switches serially connected between the first and third terminals sequentially. The upper and lower switches are turned on and off synchronously. A grounding switch is coupled between the third terminal and a negative input terminal. A cross-connected storage capacitor is electrically connected between a node between the upper and middle switches and the third terminal. A diode, a capacitor and a driving unit of a floating driving circuit are electrically connected between the upper and lower switches. A connection node between the diode and the capacitor is electrically connected to a driving terminal of the upper switch. A connection node between the capacitor and the driving unit is electrically connected to a driving terminal of the lower switch.