Thrombin-like Enzyme Mitigates Anticancer Drug Toxicity
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Solution Overview
Problem
Cytotoxic anticancer drugs like cyclophosphamide, adriamycin, and cisplatin cause severe side effects such as bone marrow suppression and cardiotoxicity, limiting their effective dosage in cancer treatment.
Innovation Solution
A thrombin-like enzyme, specifically batroxobin, is used to reduce these side effects by administering it alongside or after the anticancer drugs, effectively mitigating bone marrow suppression and cardiotoxicity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If cytotoxic anticancer drugs are administered at higher doses to improve cancer treatment effectiveness, then the therapeutic effect is improved, but severe side effects such as bone marrow suppression and cardiotoxicity occur
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a thrombin-like enzyme as an intermediary substance that mediates between the cytotoxic anticancer drug and the body's normal cells. This enzyme selectively protects normal cells from drug-induced damage while allowing the drug to maintain its anticancer activity, thereby resolving the contradiction between treatment effectiveness and side effect reduction
Solution Approach 2:
The patent converts the harmful effect of the thrombin-like enzyme (which normally causes blood coagulation) into a beneficial protective effect. By utilizing the enzyme's ability to interact with fibrinogen, it creates a protective mechanism that shields normal cells from cytotoxic drug damage, transforming a potentially harmful substance into a protective agent
2Object-affected harmful factors
If the dosage of cytotoxic anticancer drugs is restricted to reduce side effects, then the safety is improved, but the effective quantity needed for cancer therapy cannot be administered
Solution Approach 1:
The thrombin-like enzyme serves as a protective intermediary that enables the administration of higher doses of cytotoxic anticancer drugs. By protecting normal cells from drug toxicity, it allows the therapeutic dosage to be increased to effective levels without exceeding the safety threshold, thus resolving the dosage limitation problem
3Adaptability or versatility
If multiple anticancer drugs are used in combination therapy to treat late-stage cancer, then the cancer treatment coverage is improved, but the accumulation of side effects increases
Solution Approach 1:
The thrombin-like enzyme provides universal protection against side effects caused by different types of cytotoxic anticancer drugs. It can be used in combination with various anticancer agents (alkylating drugs, antimetabolites, platinum-based drugs, etc.), making it a versatile protective agent that works across multiple drug regimens and treatment protocols
Solution Approach 2:
When multiple anticancer drugs are used in combination therapy, the thrombin-like enzyme acts as a universal intermediary that protects normal cells from the cumulative toxic effects of multiple drugs. It mediates the interaction between different cytotoxic agents and normal cells, preventing the accumulation of side effects while allowing comprehensive cancer treatment
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The use of batroxobin significantly reduces the incidence of bone marrow suppression and cardiotoxicity, allowing for higher doses of cytotoxic anticancer drugs to be administered safely, thereby enhancing cancer therapy outcomes.
Implementation Method 1
a thrombin-like enzyme reduces fibrinogen levels, thus making it easier for the immune system to attack the malignant tumor cells
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention provides an agent for reducing a side effect of an anticancer drug, which comprises a thrombin-like enzyme.