Through-Wall Antenna with Edge Waveguide for Size Reduction
Solution Overview
Problem
Existing through-wall antennas face challenges in reducing the size of the excitation box while maintaining performance, as filling the waveguide with dielectric material can cause permittivity discontinuities that degrade antenna performance.
Innovation Solution
A wall penetration antenna design featuring a radiating waveguide with one end flush to the external wall surface and an excitation waveguide with edges, which is coupled via an elbow and can be filled with dielectric material, reducing size and mass while maintaining performance through adjustment screws for optimal configuration.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Volume of moving object
If the excitation waveguide is filled with dielectric material to reduce its size, then the volume of the excitation waveguide is reduced, but permittivity discontinuities occur between the excitation guide and radiating guide which degrade antenna performance
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by introducing dielectric material only in specific locations within the excitation waveguide (along portions of its length) rather than uniformly filling the entire waveguide. This localized approach allows volume reduction in critical sections while maintaining proper impedance matching and avoiding permittivity discontinuities at the interface with the radiating waveguide, thus preserving antenna performance.
2Volume of moving object
If the size of the excitation box is reduced to accommodate other equipment, then the available space for equipment increases, but the antenna performance may be degraded
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs parameter changes by modifying the electrical characteristics of the excitation waveguide through selective dielectric loading. By changing the permittivity distribution along the waveguide length, the effective electrical length and impedance are optimized, allowing for physical size reduction while maintaining the required antenna performance parameters such as gain, beamwidth, and impedance matching.
3Ease of manufacture
If a rectangular waveguide configuration is used, then the structure is simple and easy to manufacture, but the size is bulky compared to needed compact dimensions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies composite material principles by combining metallic waveguide structures with dielectric materials. This composite approach allows the excitation waveguide to achieve compact dimensions through the high permittivity of the dielectric material, which reduces the wavelength and allows for smaller physical dimensions, while the metallic structure maintains ease of manufacture and structural integrity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution results in a more compact and discreet antenna with reduced mass, achieving equivalent radiation performance and allowing finer configuration options, exemplified by a 4-fold mass reduction for a 5 GHz antenna.
Implementation Method 1
A known solution is to fill the inside of the excitation waveguide with a dielectric material, which makes it possible to reduce the size of the excitation waveguide 1
Data Source
Figure 1~3b
AI summary
The invention relates to a wall-penetrating antenna comprising: - a radiating waveguide (20) adapted to pass through a wall (3) having an internal surface (31) and an external surface (32), an end (21) of the radiating waveguide (20) being flush with the external surface (32) of the wall (3); - an excitation waveguide (10) coupled to the radiating waveguide (20) by being arranged along the internal surface (31) of the wall (3); characterized in that the excitation waveguide (10) is a waveguide with edge(s).