TiAl Alloy Forging Homogenization Heat Treatment

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Solution Overview

Problem

TiAl alloy components produced by forging and heat treatment often exhibit inhomogeneous properties due to chemical composition differences, leading to high scrap rates as they may not meet specified property profiles, especially in high-temperature applications like turbomachines and aircraft engines.

Innovation Solution

A method involving multiple heat treatments, including homogenization annealing and recrystallization annealing, is applied to TiAl alloy components, where the component is heated between 1100°C and 1200°C for 6-10 hours, cooled slowly, and then rapidly cooled above the solvus line to adjust the phase composition and mechanical properties, allowing for a tailored property profile.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Manufacturing precision

If conventional forging and heat treatment is used to produce TiAl alloy components, then the component shape and basic mechanical properties are achieved, but inhomogeneous property distribution occurs due to chemical composition differences, leading to high scrap rates

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveproperty distribution uniformityVSAvoidscrap rate
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSLoss of substance

Solution Approach 1:

A homogenization heat treatment is performed before the main heat treatment cycle to pre-distribute the chemical composition uniformly throughout the component. This preliminary action eliminates concentration gradients that would otherwise lead to inhomogeneous properties during subsequent processing, thereby reducing scrap rates caused by property variations.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent applies a two-stage heat treatment process with specific temperature and time parameters: first heating to 1100-1200°C for 6-10 hours for homogenization, then cooling at 1-5°C/s, and finally rapid cooling above the solvus line. These controlled parameter changes transform the phase composition and achieve uniform mechanical properties throughout the component.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Manufacturing precision

If multiple heat treatment steps are added to homogenize chemical composition and adjust phase composition, then property distribution uniformity and mechanical property adjustability are improved, but process complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveproperty distribution uniformityVSAvoidheat treatment process complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Manufacturing precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The homogenization heat treatment and the main heat treatment for phase composition adjustment are combined into a single continuous heating cycle. By heating to 1100-1200°C and holding for 6-10 hours, both homogenization of chemical composition and transformation of phase structure are achieved simultaneously, reducing the number of separate heating cycles and simplifying the overall process.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The heat treatment process uses periodic action through controlled heating and cooling rates. The component is heated at a controlled rate to the target temperature, held for a specific time to achieve homogenization and phase transformation, then cooled at a controlled rate of 1-5°C/s followed by rapid cooling. This periodic thermal action achieves multiple objectives in a systematic manner.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This method ensures a uniform property distribution and adjustable mechanical properties in TiAl alloy components, reducing scrap rates and enabling the production of components with optimized high-temperature performance for applications like gas turbines and aircraft engines.

Implementation Method 1

The TiAl material undergoes partial demixing as a result of the preceding production steps. This first heat treatment is referred to as homogenization annealing because it homogenizes the material composition over the component and dissolves existing concentration points.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHomogenization annealing: Annealing

Implementation Method 2

After the second heat treatment, the component is rapidly cooled above the solvus line of the γ-TiAl in order to largely freeze the phase composition set at the heat treatment temperature. Rapid cooling is accomplished by quenching in water or oil, or by air cooling with a fan.

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectRapid cooling: Cooling

Implementation Method 3

Through such a second heat treatment, the γ-TiAl contained in the structure is at least partially converted into another solid phase, such as α-TiAl, so that a desired or adapted phase composition in the TiAl alloy is made possible

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectPhase transformation: Phase Change

Data Source

PatentEP2807281B1Method for producing forged components from a tial alloy and component produced thereby
Publication Date: 2021.06.02 MTU AERO ENGINES GMBH
  • EP2807281B1 patent drawingFigure 1

AI summary

The invention relates to a method for producing a component from a TiAl alloy, wherein the component is shaped by forging, in particular isothermal forging, and is subsequently subjected to at least one heat treatment, wherein in the first heat treatment the temperature is between 1100 and 1200°C and is maintained for 6 to 10 hours and then the component is cooled.