Patient-Specific Tibial Resection Guide Mount for Precise Alignment
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing methods for total joint replacement surgeries, such as knee, hip, and ankle procedures, lack effective means to generate patient-specific prostheses, surgical instruments, and fixtures that accurately locate resection guides, leading to potential misalignment and complications.
Innovation Solution
A method involving computer-aided design and medical imaging technologies to create anatomically accurate digital models of bones, which are used to manufacture custom resection guide locators with complementary surface topographies, allowing for precise positioning of resection guides without external fixtures, using CT or MRI scans and converting the images into digital models for manufacturing.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional cutting guides with intramedullary stems and multiple pins are used, then the mechanical axis can be determined and cutting guides can be aligned, but the device complexity and number of fixtures required increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extracts and eliminates the intramedullary stem and multiple alignment pins from the cutting guide system. Instead, it uses a simplified guide that attaches directly to the bone surface with fewer components, reducing device complexity while maintaining the ability to determine the mechanical axis through computer-guided positioning
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical alignment system (intramedullary stem with pins and brackets) with a computer-aided design and imaging system. The mechanical axis is determined through digital modeling and navigation rather than physical fixtures, reducing the number of mechanical components required
2Ease of operation
If manual alignment of cutting guides with respect to femoral shaft axis is performed, then the mechanical axis can be approximated, but measurement precision and manufacturing precision decrease
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs preliminary computer-aided design and imaging analysis before surgery to create a digital model of the patient's anatomy. The optimal cutting guide alignment and mechanical axis are determined in advance through digital planning, allowing for precise manufacturing of custom guides that fit the specific patient geometry, thereby improving manufacturing precision while maintaining ease of intraoperative operation
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a digital copy or model of the patient's actual bone anatomy through CT scanning and computer-aided design. This digital replica allows for precise measurement and planning of the mechanical axis and cutting guide positioning before manufacturing, achieving high precision without requiring complex manual alignment during surgery
3Adaptability or versatility
If standard cutting guides with opposing slots perpendicular to central axis are used, then the guide can be pivoted to form appropriate angles, but the reliability of achieving accurate mechanical axis alignment decreases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by creating patient-specific cutting guides tailored to the individual's anatomy rather than using universal guides with generic slot configurations. The guide geometry, including slot positions and angles, is customized based on the patient's digital model to ensure reliable alignment with their specific mechanical axis, eliminating the need for pivoting while maintaining accuracy
Solution Approach 2:
The patent performs preliminary computer-aided planning to determine the exact orientation and geometry of the cutting guide before manufacturing. The guide is designed with pre-calculated angles and slot positions based on the patient's anatomy, ensuring that when the guide is attached, it is already oriented correctly without requiring intraoperative pivoting or adjustment, thereby improving reliability
Data Source
AI summary
A system for making a proximal resection of tibia having localized anatomical surface features prior to resection, comprising: a resection guide locator including a body, the body including opposing medial and lateral wings extending outwardly from the body, the body defining a recess being a socket defined by an annular wall, the annular wall including an upper wall, a lower wall, a resection guide having a body defining a resection slot, at least a portion of the resection guide body sized and configured to be received within the recess defined by the resection guide locator.