Tilt-Mirror Assembly for Waveguide Coupling in Image Projectors

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing image projector configurations face challenges in efficiently coupling light from the projector into a waveguide, particularly in terms of optical path length and pupil imaging, which affect the quality and efficiency of image projection.

Innovation Solution

The image projector employs a tilt-mirror assembly with an illumination system, utilizing pupil imaging to efficiently direct illumination from the spatial light modulator into the waveguide, and incorporates scanning mirrors to adjust the optical path and ensure effective coupling.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Length of moving object

If a diagonal approach is used to transmit light from projector to waveguide, then the optical path length is shortened, but the coupling efficiency into the waveguide is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoptical path lengthVSAvoidcoupling efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Length of moving objectVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs a tilt-mirror assembly that can dynamically adjust the angle of the optical path. This allows the system to optimize between short optical path length and high coupling efficiency by tilting the mirror to the appropriate angle, making the optical path configurable rather than fixed in a diagonal arrangement

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the optical parameters by introducing a tilt-mirror assembly that modifies the angle of light transmission. By adjusting the tilt angle, the system can transform the fixed diagonal approach into a variable configuration that achieves both short optical path and effective waveguide coupling through optimized angular parameters

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If a perpendicular approach is used to transmit light from projector to waveguide, then the coupling efficiency is improved, but the optical path length is increased

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoupling efficiencyVSAvoidoptical path length
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLength of moving object

Solution Approach 1:

The tilt-mirror assembly provides dynamic adjustment capability, allowing the system to transition from a fixed perpendicular arrangement to a configurable optical path. By tilting the mirror, the system can shorten the optical path while maintaining the beneficial coupling characteristics of the perpendicular approach

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

3Productivity

If pupil imaging is used to direct illumination into the waveguide, then the optical efficiency is improved, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveoptical efficiencyVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The tilt-mirror assembly serves multiple functions: it performs pupil imaging to optimize optical efficiency, simultaneously adjusts the optical path angle, and provides configurability for different waveguide coupling approaches. This multi-functionality achieves high optical efficiency without proportionally increasing device complexity

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The tilt-mirror assembly acts as an intermediary element between the projector and waveguide, performing pupil imaging and optical path adjustment in a single component. This intermediary approach simplifies the overall system compared to using separate components for each function

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This configuration achieves high optical efficiency and effective coupling of light into the waveguide, improving the quality and efficiency of image projection, while allowing for flexible optical designs such as diagonal and perpendicular coupling.

Implementation Method 1

The image projector employs a tilt-mirror assembly with an illumination system, utilizing pupil imaging to efficiently direct illumination from the spatial light modulator into the waveguide

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectReflection: Reflection

Implementation Method 2

incorporates scanning mirrors to adjust the optical path and ensure effective coupling

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectReflection: Reflection

Implementation Method 3

the projected image is typically introduced into a light guide along which the image propagates by internal reflection until being coupled out to the eye of the user

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectTotal internal reflection: Total Internal Reflection

Data Source

PatentEP3939246B1Image projector
Publication Date: 2025.02.12 LUMUS LTD
  • EP3939246B1 patent drawingFigure 1A~1B
  • EP3939246B1 patent drawingFigure 2A~2B
  • EP3939246B1 patent drawingFigure 3A

AI summary

An image projector includes an illumination arrangement with a number of illumination sources and a tilt-mirror assembly, all operating under control of a controller. An optical arrangement directs illumination from the illumination sources towards the mirror and on to an image plane. A collimating arrangement collimates the illumination from the image plane to generate a collimated image directed to an exit stop. The controller (830) modulates an intensity of each of the illumination sources (808) synchronously with tilt motion of the mirror (814) according to the content of the digital image. In certain implementations, the illumination sources (808) are spaced apart. Although the tilt motion brings each illumination source to scans across only part of a dimension of the field of view, all of the illumination sources together scans across the entirety of the one dimension.