Tilted High-Band Dipoles for Base Station Beam Squint Control
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Solution Overview
Problem
Base station antennas often experience beam squint, which leads to inadequate coverage at the edges of the cell, particularly in multi-band antenna applications where high-frequency band radiating elements are deflected towards areas without low-frequency band elements, affecting service performance.
Innovation Solution
The dipoles of high-band radiating elements are tilted around the first direction towards the location of the nearest low-band radiating elements, adjusting the beam pattern to counteract squint and improve coverage.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If high-band radiating elements are arranged in columns extending along the vertical direction, then the antenna can operate in multiple frequency bands, but azimuth beam squint occurs causing inadequate coverage at cell edges
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by tilting only the high-band radiating elements specifically, while keeping low-band elements vertical. This localized modification to specific parts of the antenna system corrects the beam squint issue for high-band operations without affecting low-band performance, thereby maintaining multi-band versatility while improving edge coverage reliability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces asymmetry by tilting high-band radiating elements at specific angles (e.g., 15 degrees) relative to the vertical direction, while low-band elements remain symmetrically vertical. This asymmetric configuration compensates for the frequency-dependent beam squint effect, improving coverage uniformity across different frequency bands while preserving the multi-band operational capability
2Reliability
If dipoles are tilted to suppress beam squint, then coverage and service performance are improved, but the structural complexity of the antenna increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent reduces structural complexity by applying the tilt only to high-band radiating elements where it is most needed, rather than tilting all elements. This localized approach improves service performance by correcting beam squint in the problematic frequency band while minimizing the overall structural modification required
Solution Approach 2:
The patent segments the antenna elements into two distinct groups: vertical low-band elements and tilted high-band elements. This segmentation allows independent optimization of each band's radiation pattern, improving overall service performance while keeping the structural changes localized and manageable rather than requiring complex modifications to the entire antenna system
Data Source
AI summary
A base station antenna that may include radiating elements having tilted dipoles. For example, a base station antenna may include a reflector and a plurality of radiating elements, each radiating element mounted on the front surface of the reflector and having a support stalk and at least one dipole mounted to the support stalk. The radiating elements include a plurality of first radiating elements configured to operate in a first operating frequency band, and arranged in one or more first columns extending along a first direction; and a plurality of second radiating elements, configured to operate in a second operating frequency band different from the first operating frequency band, and arranged in one or more second columns extending along the first direction. At least one dipole of a first of the second radiating elements in at least one of the second columns is tilted around the first direction.