Time-Alignment Guard Timer for LTE Handover Timing

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current LTE handover procedures experience high interruption times and random-access overhead, particularly in synchronized networks, due to incorrect timing advance (TA) values used by user equipment (UE) during handovers, leading to potential data transmission failures and interference.

Innovation Solution

The introduction of a time-alignment guard timer (TAgT), specifically a RACHlessTAT timer, which is a temporary timer that ensures incorrect TA values are only used for a limited time, allowing the network to provide an updated TA value before the timer expires, thereby preventing incorrect uplink transmissions and reducing interference.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Object-affected harmful factors

If a time-alignment guard timer (TAgT) is introduced to prevent incorrect TA values from causing interference, then interference from incorrect TA values is reduced, but device complexity increases due to additional timer management

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinterference from incorrect TA valuesVSAvoidtimer management complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The TAgT is started in advance before the UE actually uses the TA value, establishing a protective time window beforehand. This preliminary action ensures that if the TA value turns out to be incorrect, the system has already prepared the mechanism to detect and respond to timing misalignment issues before they cause significant interference

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The system continuously monitors whether the TAgT expires or is reset based on receiving TA commands from the network. This feedback mechanism allows the system to detect whether the TA value is working correctly and adjust behavior accordingly - either continuing to use the current TA or initiating procedures to obtain a new TA value

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Reliability

If the TAgT duration is extended to allow more time for network to provide updated TA value, then reliability of TA value is improved, but handover interruption time increases

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveTA value reliabilityVSAvoidhandover interruption time
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The TAgT duration is not fixed but dynamically adjusted based on network conditions and handover scenarios. The network can configure different TAgT values through RRC parameters, allowing the system to adapt the timer duration to match the specific requirements of each handover situation, balancing reliability needs against interruption time constraints

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The system changes the time parameter of the guard timer based on different operational contexts. By adjusting the TAgT duration parameter, the system can optimize performance for different scenarios - using longer timers when reliability is critical and shorter timers when fast handover is prioritized

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Measurement precision

If the UE continuously monitors for TA commands during TAgT period, then TA alignment accuracy is improved, but energy consumption increases

Engineering Contradiction:
ImproveTA alignment accuracyVSAvoidenergy consumption during monitoring
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSUse of energy by moving object

Solution Approach 1:

Instead of continuous monitoring, the UE performs periodic checks for TA commands at scheduled intervals during the TAgT period. This periodic action maintains sufficient monitoring capability to detect TA updates while significantly reducing energy consumption compared to continuous monitoring, as the UE can enter low-power states between monitoring intervals

Inventive Principle:
Principle #19Periodic action

Data Source

PatentEP3254510B1Method and apparatus for implementing a time-alignment guard timer
Publication Date: 2020.10.21 NOKIA TECHNOLOGIES OY
  • EP3254510B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3254510B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3254510B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

A method and apparatus may include receiving a time-alignment value for a time-alignment timer. The method may also include starting the time-alignment timer. The method may also include transmitting one or more uplink transmissions. The uplink transmission is transmitted while the time-alignment timer is running. The method may also include receiving an updated time-alignment while the time-alignment timer is running, if the timing of the uplink transmission is determined to be correct. The method may also include applying the updated time-alignment, if the updated time-alignment is received. The method may also include stopping uplink transmissions, if no updated time alignment is received.