Transaction Timeout Detection Circuit for Master-Slave Systems

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing systems face challenges in detecting timed-out transactions between master and slave circuits without causing system resets, which can be disruptive and result in loss of diagnostic information, especially in safety-critical applications.

Innovation Solution

A timeout circuit is introduced between the master and slave circuits to track transactions, determine if expected responses are received within a timeout period, and generate the required responses and error signals to prevent hangs, while maintaining low latency and processing overhead.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If a watchdog timer is implemented as software executing on a processor to detect function completion failures, then the system can detect timeouts, but the processor becomes overloaded and system resets are triggered which cause disruption and loss of diagnostic information

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvetimeout detection capabilityVSAvoidprocessor overhead
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The timeout detection function is segmented from the main processor and implemented as a dedicated hardware watchdog timer circuit. This separates the timeout monitoring task from the main processor operations, allowing independent operation without overloading the processor while maintaining reliable timeout detection capability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

A dedicated hardware watchdog timer circuit acts as an intermediary between the system functions being monitored and the processor. This intermediary independently monitors function completion and triggers appropriate responses without requiring processor intervention, thus reducing processor overhead while maintaining detection reliability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

2Reliability

If a system reset is triggered when timeout is detected, then the system can recover from failed functions, but human safety may be compromised and diagnostic information is destroyed

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesystem recoveryVSAvoiddiagnostic information loss
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSLoss of information

Solution Approach 1:

The system dynamically selects the appropriate response to timeout based on the nature and severity of the failure. Instead of always triggering a system reset, the watchdog timer can generate different responses including error signals, interrupt requests, or selective resets of specific modules, allowing diagnostic information to be preserved while still achieving system recovery when necessary.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

Instead of applying a global system reset to all system components, the watchdog timer enables localized error handling where only the specific failed function or module is reset or flagged. This preserves diagnostic information in other system components while still achieving recovery of the failed function.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Device complexity

If the watchdog timer monitors high-level functions only to avoid overloading the processor, then processor overhead is reduced, but low-level function failures cannot be detected

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveprocessor overheadVSAvoiddetection coverage
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The hardware watchdog timer circuit serves as an intermediary that can monitor both high-level system functions and low-level operational parameters simultaneously. This dedicated hardware monitor handles the detailed monitoring of low-level functions without involving the processor, while still providing overall system-level timeout detection, thus achieving comprehensive coverage without processor overload.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Data Source

PatentUS10042692B1Circuit arrangement with transaction timeout detection
Publication Date: 2018.08.07 XILINX INC

AI summary

The disclosure describes a circuit arrangement that includes a master circuit and a slave circuit. The master circuit generates transactions, and the slave circuit generates responses to the transactions from the master circuit. A first circuit is coupled between the master circuit and the slave circuit. The first circuit determines for each transaction from the master circuit whether the slave circuit generates an expected number of responses within a timeout period. For each transaction for which the slave circuit does not generate the expected number of responses within the timeout period, the first circuit generates and transmits the expected number of responses to the master circuit.