Pneumatic Tire Protrusions for Down Force and Uniformity
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing pneumatic tires struggle to maintain uniformity while generating sufficient down force, leading to inconsistent performance in vehicles.
Innovation Solution
The pneumatic tire design incorporates protrusions on the tire side portion, strategically arranged to intersect the radial direction, with varying mass and area distributions along different straight lines passing through the tire's rotational center, ensuring a mass ratio of 0.8 to 1.2 and area ratio of 0.8 to 1.2, and featuring grooves and dimples to optimize down force and uniformity.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Force
If protrusions are provided on the tire side portion to generate down force, then down force is enhanced, but uniformity cannot be maintained in a good manner
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies local quality by varying the mass distribution of protrusions in the tire circumferential direction. Specifically, the mass of protrusions is designed to decrease from the tire inner side toward the outer side, creating a gradient distribution that optimizes both down force generation and rotational uniformity. This localized variation in mass properties allows different regions of the tire to contribute differently to overall performance.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements parameter changes by controlling the mass ratio between protrusions at different circumferential positions to be within 0.8 to 1.2. This parameter optimization ensures that the mass difference between adjacent protrusions is sufficient to generate down force through aerodynamic effects, while remaining small enough to maintain rotational uniformity and prevent excessive vibration or instability.
2Reliability
If protrusions are arranged to generate down force by reducing air density, then aerodynamic performance improves, but mass uniformity deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes the mass parameter of protrusions by setting the mass ratio between adjacent protrusions within the range of 0.8 to 1.2. This controlled parameter variation enables the protrusions to generate sufficient aerodynamic down force while maintaining mass uniformity within acceptable tolerances for manufacturing and assembly.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs composite construction by integrating protrusions made of different materials or with different internal structures into the tire side portion. This allows precise control over the mass and aerodynamic properties of each protrusion, enabling optimization of both aerodynamic performance and mass uniformity through material selection and structural design.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This configuration enhances down force generation, reduces air resistance, maintains uniformity, and improves steering stability and riding comfort by optimizing the flow of air around the tire, while also reducing noise and pattern noise.
Implementation Method 1
This technology seeks to reduce air density between the floor of the vehicle and the road surface and to generate down force by providing the protrusions on the tire side portion
Implementation Method 2
generate down force by providing the protrusions on the tire side portion. Down force is a force that presses the vehicle toward the road surface
Data Source
AI summary
A pneumatic tire includes a plurality of protrusions that are provided in a range that includes the tire maximum width position of the tire side portion, and that extend in a direction intersecting the radial direction. The plurality of protrusions are separated from each other in the tire circumferential direction by spacings, pass through the center of rotation of the tire, and extend in the tire radial direction. In a case where a first straight line and a second straight line with different tire circumferential direction positions each cross the protrusions, a ratio of a sum of masses per unit length of the protrusions the first straight line crosses to a sum of masses per unit length of the protrusion the second straight line crosses is not less than 0.8 and not greater than 1.2.