Tire Stud Geometry for Weight and Retention
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Solution Overview
Problem
The existing stud design for tires results in a larger difference in axis dimensions between the flange and body sections in the tire's circumferential direction, leading to reduced contact area and increased gap between the stud and the stud recess, causing easier stud loss and compromised anti-stud-loss performance, while also being challenging to meet weight regulations.
Innovation Solution
A stud design where the pin, body, and flange sections are aligned with each other, with specific projected area differences and sectional shapes that satisfy 0 ≤ (SM/HM) < 1.0 and 0 < (HM-SM) /FM < 0.7, ensuring a reduced weight while improving anti-stud-loss performance by optimizing the contact area and reducing the width difference between the flange and body sections.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a smaller difference in axis dimension between the flange section and body section is employed, then the anti-stud-loss performance is improved, but it becomes difficult to meet weight regulations for the studs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent optimizes dimensional parameters of the flange and body sections to achieve a smaller difference in axis dimensions while controlling the overall weight. By adjusting length, width, and thickness parameters within specific ranges, the design meets both anti-stud-loss performance requirements and weight regulations
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by concentrating material distribution where needed - the flange section has optimized dimensions locally to reduce gap and improve contact, while the overall stud weight remains controlled. The body section and pin section are also dimensioned to provide necessary strength without excessive weight
2Reliability
If the length direction of the pin section and body section face the same direction as the axial direction of the tire, then the edge components are larger improving ice braking performance, but the difference in axis dimension in the circumferential direction increases, reducing contact area between body section and stud recess wall surface
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses asymmetry by orienting the flange section's length direction along the axial direction rather than circumferential direction, creating an asymmetric configuration that balances the dimensional relationship between flange and body sections. This reduces the contact area difference and improves both ice braking and stud retention performance
Data Source
Figure 1
Figure 2A~2B
Figure 3A~3C
AI summary
The invention provides a stud capable not only of keeping or reducing the total weight of the studs for a tire, thus observing the stud weight regulation, but also of improving the anti-stud-loss performance. The stud has a columnar body section, a pin section disposed on one end of the body section, and a flange section disposed on the other end of the body section. The pin section is formed in a shape having a length direction and a width direction. And the pin section, the body section, and the flange section in orthographic projection satisfy 0 ≦ (SM/HM) < 1.0 and 0 < (HM-SM) /FM < 0.7 where SM is a projected area difference between the flange section and the body section in the width direction of the pin section of the stud, HM is a projected area difference between the flange section and the body section in the length direction of the pin section of the stud, which is orthogonal to the width direction of the pin section, and FM is a maximum sectional area of the flange section orthogonal to the central axis of the stud.