Tire Temperature Prediction via Inner Liner Sensor
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing systems fail to accurately predict tire radially outward surface temperature, which is crucial for determining tire cornering stiffness and peak grip level, essential for vehicle stability control systems.
Innovation Solution
A model-based predictive system that uses temperature sensors to measure tire inner liner temperature and correlates it with radially outward surface temperature, incorporating vehicle-based transient behavior measurements and ambient temperature, to estimate surface temperature through an empirically trained algorithmic model.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If direct measurement of tire radially outward surface temperature is attempted, then measurement accuracy would improve, but system complexity and feasibility deteriorate due to sensor placement difficulties and thermal radiation interference
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses an intermediary approach by placing temperature sensors inside the tire (on the inner liner or bead area) rather than directly on the outer surface. This intermediary location avoids the complexity of mounting sensors on the rotating outer surface while still providing temperature data that can be used to estimate the critical outer surface temperature through thermal modeling.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the mechanical/direct measurement approach with a computational/algorithmic approach. Instead of physically measuring the outer surface temperature directly, the system uses thermal models and algorithms to calculate the outer surface temperature based on inner temperature measurements and other operational parameters.
2Device complexity
If a simple temperature model is used, then system complexity reduces, but prediction accuracy deteriorates due to transient thermal behavior and frictional heating effects
Solution Approach 1:
The patent incorporates multiple dynamic parameters including frictional energy generation from tire deformation, ambient temperature variations, and vehicle operational states (acceleration, braking, steering). These parameter changes are integrated into the thermal model to accurately capture transient thermal behavior while maintaining computational efficiency through empirical relationships.
3Speed
If steady-state thermal model is used, then computational speed improves, but accuracy deteriorates due to transient frictional heating and varying operating conditions
Solution Approach 1:
The patent transitions from a static steady-state model to a dynamic model that explicitly accounts for transient thermal behavior. The model incorporates time-varying parameters such as frictional energy generation rate, ambient temperature changes, and vehicle operational dynamics, allowing accurate temperature prediction during transient conditions while maintaining computational efficiency through empirical formulations.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system provides a reliable and accurate real-time estimation of tire surface temperature, enhancing vehicle stability control by adapting grip level and braking stiffness, and can be integrated with tire pressure monitoring systems for additional parameter estimation.
Implementation Method 1
one or more temperature sensors mounted to the tire operative to measure a tire inner liner temperature
Implementation Method 2
The model expression thus includes components including frictional energy loss from travel of the tire over a surface, thermal surface-conduction loss from the tire to the surface; air-convection thermal loss from the tire to the air surrounding the tire; and internal-conduction thermal loss within the tire
Implementation Method 3
Frictional energy is calculated to render the transient behavior vehicle-based inputs to the algorithmic prediction model from the vehicle-based transient behavior measurements
Implementation Method 4
air-convection thermal loss from the tire to the air surrounding the tire
Data Source
AI summary
A tire-based system and method for estimating a radially outward tire surface temperature of an identified tire supporting an identified vehicle includes a temperature sensor to measure a tire inner liner temperature. An algorithmic prediction model is empirically trained to correlate inner liner tire temperature to tire radially outward surface temperature for the tire/vehicle combination. The empirically trained algorithmic prediction model receives a steady state temperature-based model inputs including the tire inner liner temperature and an ambient temperature measurement and transient behavior vehicle-based inputs. Based upon the steady state inputs and the transient behavior inputs, a radially outward tire surface temperature estimation is made.