Tissue Softness Evaluation via Acoustic Emission Analysis

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current methods for determining the softness of tissue paper are subjective and lack a practical, quantitative measure, making it difficult to assess and compare different products, especially in real-time production or quality control settings.

Innovation Solution

A method involving mechanical application of compressive and tensile forces to tissue paper samples to record sound waves, which are then analyzed using pattern recognition techniques, such as hidden Markov models, to objectively assign softness classes, allowing for automated reproduction of human judgments.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If a panel test with multiple human testers is used to evaluate softness, then the evaluation can be performed, but it requires a large number of testers and cannot be done continuously or in real-time

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesoftness evaluation accuracyVSAvoidtesting speed
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the mechanical human tactile evaluation system with an acoustic measurement system. A mechanical testing device applies standardized forces to the tissue paper sample, and acoustic sensors detect the resulting sound signals. The sound spectrum characteristics are then analyzed to determine softness, substituting human sensory-mechanical evaluation with an automated acoustic-field-based system that enables continuous high-speed testing.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

2Measurement precision

If multiple different measuring devices are used to determine various parameters (tensile strength, shear strength, flexural rigidity, etc.), then a comprehensive assessment can be made, but the equipment complexity and measurement time become considerable

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesoftness assessment comprehensivenessVSAvoidnumber of measuring devices
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent creates a universal acoustic measurement system that can evaluate softness without requiring multiple specialized measuring devices for different mechanical properties. The single acoustic sensing system, combined with standardized mechanical testing, provides comprehensive softness assessment by analyzing sound spectrum characteristics, replacing the need for separate devices for tensile strength, shear strength, flexural rigidity, and other parameter measurements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent merges multiple measurement functions into a single integrated system. The mechanical testing device applies standardized forces while acoustic sensors simultaneously capture sound signals. The evaluation process combines mechanical forcing with acoustic detection and spectral analysis into one unified measurement approach, consolidating what would otherwise require multiple separate testing devices and procedures.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

3Ease of manufacture

If subjective panel tests are used to assign softness classes, then softness evaluation can be performed, but the results are subjectively influenced and cannot be reliably compared across different manufacturers

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesoftness evaluation feasibilityVSAvoidresult objectivity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of manufactureVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent replaces the subjective human sensory system with an objective acoustic measurement and analysis system. Instead of relying on human testers' subjective perceptions and interpretations, the system uses acoustic sensors to objectively detect sound signals generated during standardized mechanical testing. The sound spectrum analysis provides quantifiable, reproducible data that eliminates subjective influence and enables reliable cross-manufacturer comparisons.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables a simple, significant, and objective determination of tissue paper softness, reducing the need for large numbers of human testers and enabling continuous quality control and comparison across different products.

Implementation Method 1

Sound waves emitted as a result are recorded with at least one detector

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAcoustic emission: Acoustic Emission

Data Source

PatentEP2491367B1Method for determining the softness of tissue paper
Publication Date: 2013.07.24 FRAUNHOFER GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FORDERUNG DER ANGEWANDTEN FORSCHUNG EV
  • EP2491367B1 patent drawingFigure 1

AI summary

The invention relates to a method for determining the softness of tissue paper. The above can be so-called hygienic papers, such as for example tissues, cosmetic towels, kitchen towels, towels or toilet paper. In the method according to the invention, samples of tissue papers are subjected mechanically to pressure forces and/or tensile forces with respectively the same parameters. Sound waves emitted thereby are detected by at least one detector and the thus captured measuring signals are then subjected to a pattern recognition.