Tissue-Coated Stent with Intentional Defects for Rapid Reendothelialization
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Solution Overview
Problem
Medical articles, such as stents, with bare metal surfaces often cause endothelial dysfunction and thrombosis due to disruption of the endothelium, leading to rethrombosis and restenosis, as they lack a biocompatible surface for rapid reendothelialization.
Innovation Solution
A tissue-engineered stent is created by embedding a nitinol stent within a biomaterial scaffold containing biological cells, which is converted into a tissue layer through culturing, and then decellularized to form a tissue-coated stent with intentional defects that allow tissue contraction and expansion without detachment, providing a biocompatible surface for rapid reendothelialization.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If a bare metal surface is used for medical articles, then the article can be introduced into vasculature to keep vessels open, but the endothelium is disrupted and thrombosis occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The stent is pre-coated with a tissue layer containing living cells before implantation. This preliminary action of seeding the stent with a biological coating allows rapid reendothelialization upon implantation, preventing endothelial dysfunction and thrombosis that would otherwise occur with bare metal surfaces
Solution Approach 2:
The invention combines metal stent structure with a biological tissue coating to create a composite medical device. The metal provides mechanical support while the tissue layer provides biocompatibility and promotes endothelialization, resolving the contradiction between structural integrity and biological compatibility
2Reliability
If a tissue layer is applied to the article surface, then reendothelialization is accelerated and biocompatibility is improved, but the tissue may detach during contraction and expansion
Solution Approach 1:
The stent structure incorporates porous or mesh-like features that allow tissue ingrowth through the coating. This porous architecture mechanically interlocks the tissue layer with the stent surface, preventing detachment during vessel contraction and expansion while maintaining the biocompatible surface for rapid reendothelialization
Solution Approach 2:
The tissue coating is designed with dynamic properties that allow it to flex and move with the vessel wall during contraction and expansion. The coating incorporates flexible polymers or elastomeric materials that maintain tissue-stent attachment through mechanical deformation without detachment
Data Source
Figure 1A~1C
Figure 2A~2F
Figure 3A~3E
AI summary
Example articles coated with tissue layers and techniques for forming articles with tissue layers. An example article may include a tubular frame extending along a longitudinal axis. The tubular frame includes a plurality of struts joined at apices to define a plurality of cells including a group of struts. The example article includes a tissue layer coating each strut and extending across each cell. The tissue layer defines a plurality of defects, each cell including a respective defect.