Decellularized Tissue Scaffolds via Negative Pressure Perfusion
Find Innovative SolutionsGenerate Solutions
Solution Overview
Problem
Current decellularization techniques for producing biologically derived implants, particularly from dense interstitial and cartilaginous tissues like the trachea, face challenges in removing antigen-presenting cells completely while preserving the extracellular matrix, leading to lengthy preparation times and potential patient risks.
Innovation Solution
A method involving perfusion of tissues with decellularization media under negative pressure, using detergents and enzymes like Triton X-100 and DNase, to efficiently remove cells while maintaining the integrity of the extracellular matrix, allowing for faster preparation of implants with reduced immune reaction risk.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If conventional decellularisation techniques using detergents and enzymes are used, then antigen-presenting cells are removed from the tissue, but the preparation time is lengthy (approximately 3 weeks) and the extracellular matrix may be altered
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies negative pressure (vacuum) to the decellularisation medium to force it through the dense tissue matrix, dramatically accelerating the decellularisation process from weeks to hours while ensuring complete penetration and removal of antigen-presenting cells without compromising the extracellular matrix structure
Solution Approach 2:
The patent changes the pressure parameter from atmospheric or positive pressure to negative pressure (vacuum conditions), which fundamentally alters the flow dynamics of the decellularisation medium through the tissue, enabling rapid and thorough decellularisation while preserving matrix integrity
2Reliability
If dense interstitial and cartilaginous tissue is decellularised to remove all antigen-presenting cells, then the scaffold becomes suitable for transplantation, but the process is very difficult or impossible to complete thoroughly
Solution Approach 1:
The application of negative pressure forces the decellularisation medium to penetrate deeply into the dense interstitial and cartilaginous tissue, ensuring complete removal of antigen-presenting cells throughout the entire tissue volume, making thorough decellularisation achievable where conventional methods fail
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces pressure as an additional dimension to the decellularisation process, transforming it from a passive diffusion-based process to an active pressure-driven process, enabling complete penetration through dense tissue structures that are impermeable to conventional methods
3Strength
If the extracellular matrix is preserved intact during decellularisation, then the scaffold provides structural support and rigidity, but antigen-presenting cells are difficult to remove completely
Solution Approach 1:
The negative pressure system enables complete removal of antigen-presenting cells by forcing the decellularisation medium through the entire tissue matrix, achieving thorough decellularisation while the gentle vacuum conditions preserve the structural integrity of the extracellular matrix without harsh mechanical disruption
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This method enables the production of decellularized scaffolds that are substantially free from antigen-presenting cells, preserving the extracellular matrix structure and function, thus providing a suitable implant for tissue regeneration with improved safety and efficiency.
Implementation Method 1
perfusion of the tissue with at least one decellularisation medium under negative pressure
Implementation Method 2
perfusion with various detergents, enzymes and other reagents
Implementation Method 3
an implant is decellularised using a perfusion medium... using detergents and enzymes like Triton X-100
Implementation Method 4
detergent-enzymatic-method, in which cells are removed from the tracheal tissue by perfusion with various detergents, enzymes and other reagents
Data Source
Figure 1~2F
Figure 3~4D
Figure 5A~5L
AI summary
The invention provides a method for producing an implant from interstitial, connective or supporting tissue, the method comprising at least one step of perfusing the tissue with at least one decellularisation medium under negative pressure applied for substantially the whole time period of the perfusion.