Tissue Staining Method Merging HE and Histochemical Analysis
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for detecting cancer cells in tissue specimens require multiple tissue sections and procedures, including HE staining and immunohistochemistry or lectin staining, which are labor-intensive and prone to variations in pathological diagnosis due to the need for separate observations of morphology and antigen distribution.
Innovation Solution
A tissue staining method that combines HE staining with histochemical staining, such as immunohistochemical or lectin staining, on a single tissue section using chromogenic or fluorescent labels to visualize both morphological and antigen distribution information simultaneously.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If multiple tissue sections are used for HE staining and immunohistochemistry separately, then morphological information and antigen distribution information can be obtained, but the diagnostic process becomes labor-intensive and prone to variations
Solution Approach 1:
The patent combines HE staining and immunohistochemistry on a single tissue section, merging two separate diagnostic procedures into one unified process. This allows simultaneous visualization of both morphological information (via HE staining) and antigen distribution information (via immunohistochemistry) in the same field of view, eliminating the need to compare multiple sections and reducing diagnostic variability
Solution Approach 2:
The single tissue section serves multiple functions by simultaneously providing both morphological assessment through HE staining and antigen localization through immunohistochemistry. This multi-functional approach allows pathologists to evaluate tissue architecture and identify specific antigens in the same specimen, improving efficiency and consistency
2Loss of information
If HE staining and immunohistochemistry are performed on separate sections, then both morphological and antigen information can be obtained, but the work量和 expertise required increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges HE staining and immunohistochemistry procedures onto a single tissue section, allowing complete diagnostic information (both morphology and antigen location) to be obtained from one specimen rather than requiring multiple sections. This reduces the time and effort needed for section preparation, staining, and comparative analysis
3Measurement precision
If fluorescent bodies are used for detecting target molecules, then antigen location can be visualized, but autofluorescence from the section interferes with detection
Solution Approach 1:
The patent employs chromogenic detection methods (producing colored precipitates) instead of fluorescent detection, fundamentally changing the detection modality to avoid autofluorescence interference entirely. The chromogenic reaction produces visible color changes that can be directly observed without fluorescence microscopy, eliminating the harmful autofluorescence effect while maintaining detection sensitivity
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach enhances diagnostic precision and convenience by allowing pathologists to observe morphological and antigen distribution information in a single view field, reducing the complexity and variability of the diagnostic process.
Implementation Method 1
HE (hematoxylin-eosin) stain uses hematoxylin and eosin as a dye... hematoxylin is a blue-violet dye, and has a property of staining basophilic tissues... Eosin, on the other hand, is a red to pink dye, and has a property of staining eosinophilic tissues
Implementation Method 2
immunohistochemistry (IHC) is widely known as a histological (histochemical) tool for detecting an antigen in a tissue specimen using an antibody... visualizing the location of an antigen-antibody reaction
Implementation Method 3
lectin staining is a technique that utilizes a property of lectin of binding to a specific sugar chain in a non-immunological and specific manner in order to detect a sugar chain in a tissue specimen using lectin
Data Source
AI summary
It is an object of the present invention to provide a tissue staining method that makes it possible to observe both information on the morphology of a tissue and information on a biological substance such as an antigen molecule to be detected on a single section and in a single view field. The present invention provides a tissue staining method, including carrying out (A) a HE (hematoxylin-eosin) staining, and (B) a histochemical staining, serially on a single tissue section, wherein the histochemical staining is defined as a histochemical technique for detecting a biological substance to be detected in a tissue in a visible manner by use of a binding reaction between the biological substance to be detected and a probe biological substance capable of binding specifically to the biological substance to be detected.