Titanium-Ammonium Curing Catalyst for Stable Moisture-Cure Rates
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing curing catalysts for silicone-based and modified silicone-based rubber compositions, such as tin carboxylate compounds, alkyltin salt compounds, titanium acid ester compounds, and quaternary ammonium salts, pose safety concerns and variability in curing rates due to moisture sensitivity, leading to unstable curing processes.
Innovation Solution
A curing catalyst comprising a complex of a titanium compound and ammonium hydroxide, represented by specific chemical formulas, which enhances curing rates and stability while being safe and cost-effective, minimizing crystal precipitation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Productivity
If tin carboxylate compounds or alkyltin salt compounds are used as curing catalysts, then the curing rate is improved, but safety concerns arise due to endocrine disruptor effects
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces persistent toxic tin-based catalysts with a safer titanium-based catalyst system that achieves effective curing without endocrine disruptor effects. The titanium compound combined with carboxylic acid and amine provides a temporary, non-toxic alternative that fulfills the curing function without long-term environmental or health危害
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces a dual-component catalytic system where titanium compound acts as the primary catalyst, carboxylic acid serves as an activator, and amine functions as a co-catalyst. This intermediary system replaces the single toxic tin catalyst with a multi-component safe alternative that achieves equivalent or superior curing performance
2Productivity
If titanium acid ester compounds are used as curing catalysts, then the curing process can proceed, but the compound is easily decomposed by moisture causing variable curing rates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates a composite catalytic system combining titanium compound, carboxylic acid, and amine in specific ratios. This composite approach provides moisture resistance that individual components lack, as the synergistic interaction stabilizes the catalytic activity against humidity variations while maintaining curing capability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent optimizes the molar ratios of titanium compound to carboxylic acid to amine to achieve stable curing performance. By adjusting these compositional parameters, the system achieves insensitivity to moisture content, maintaining consistent curing rates across different humidity conditions
3Object-affected harmful factors
If carboxylic acid and amine combined catalyst is used to avoid tin compounds, then safety is improved, but sufficient curing rate cannot be obtained
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges three catalytic components (titanium compound, carboxylic acid, and amine) into a unified catalytic system. The titanium compound provides the primary catalytic function, carboxylic acid activates the system, and amine enhances the reaction rate, together achieving both safety and high curing rate that neither component alone could provide
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The catalyst achieves a high and stable curing rate, ensuring safety and low environmental impact, with improved storage stability and balanced physical properties of the cured product.
Implementation Method 1
a curing catalyst used for curing a polymer, wherein the curing catalyst contains a complex of a titanium compound and an ammonium hydroxide
Implementation Method 2
the reaction mechanism of the process in which the silicone-based rubber and the modified silicone-based rubber become a cured product is based on a condensation reaction or an addition reaction of a reactive hydrolyzable silicon-containing group in the presence of water
Implementation Method 3
the polymerization proceeds to form a cured polymer having a three-dimensional network structure
Data Source
AI summary
Provided is a curing catalyst having a high safety and a practical curing rate. According to the present invention, provided is a curing catalyst [B] used for curing a polymer [A] having a reactive hydrolyzable silicon-containing group, wherein the curing catalyst [B] contains a complex [C] of a titanium compound [B1] and an ammonium hydroxide [B2], the titanium compound [B1] is represented by Chemical Formula (1), and the ammonium hydroxide [B2] is represented by Chemical Formula (2).