Titanium Implant Surface Coating via Electrochemical Immersion

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Current surface coatings for titanium and titanium-based implants used in osteosynthesis are not adequately degradation-resistant and lack optimal surface roughness, leading to complications such as metal removal, implant dislocation, and tissue reactions due to poor adhesion and porosity, which can result in fracture healing disorders and bacterial infections.

Innovation Solution

An electrochemical immersion process followed by a blasting treatment is used to create a porous and plastically deformable surface coating with adjustable properties, including bioactivity and degradation stability, which enhances adhesion and resistance to solvation, diffusion, and thermal stress, allowing for controlled colonization by osteoblasts and resistance to bacterial inflammation.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If electrochemical immersion is used to produce surface coating, then degradation resistance is improved, but surface roughness becomes insufficient

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedegradation resistanceVSAvoidsurface roughness
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSManufacturing precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines two previously separate processes into a single integrated electrochemical immersion method that simultaneously achieves both degradation resistance and optimal surface roughness. The coating is formed through electrochemical deposition from an aqueous electrolyte containing calcium and phosphate ions, creating a porous structure with appropriate roughness in one step rather than requiring sequential processes.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent optimizes specific parameters of the electrochemical immersion process including electrolyte composition (calcium phosphate concentration ratios), electrical parameters (current density, pulse duration), and process conditions (temperature, pH) to simultaneously achieve the desired degradation resistance and surface roughness characteristics that match natural bone.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Adaptability or versatility

If porosity is increased to promote bone growth, then bioactivity is improved, but adhesion strength decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovebioactivityVSAvoidadhesion strength
Core Design Contradiction:
Adaptability or versatilityVSStrength

Solution Approach 1:

The patent creates a surface coating with spatially varying properties where the porous structure is optimized for bone ingrowth in specific regions while maintaining sufficient adhesion strength at the coating-substrate interface. The coating composition and pore structure are tailored to provide different local functions: strong bonding at the interface and high porosity at the outer surface for osteoblast colonization.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

3Stability of the object's composition

If alloying components are allowed to diffuse through layers, then material properties are maintained, but tissue reactions occur

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvematerial propertiesVSAvoidtissue reactions
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent converts the potentially harmful diffusion of alloying components into a beneficial process by controlling the electrochemical deposition to create a coating that selectively releases beneficial ions (calcium, phosphate) while restraining harmful alloying elements. The controlled ion release promotes bone growth while the coating structure prevents harmful components from reaching surrounding tissues.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The resulting surface coating provides extended degradation resistance and adhesive strength, enabling safe implant removal after healing while promoting bone integration and reducing bacterial colonization, thus addressing the high complication rate in open fractures.

Implementation Method 1

the electrochemical variant of generating biocompatible layers is the alternative of choice

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAnodic oxidation: Anodising

Implementation Method 2

An electrochemical immersion process is used to produce a porous and plastically deformable surface coating with adjustable properties

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrochemical deposition: Electrodeposition

Implementation Method 3

a coordinated post-treatment with blasting processes. The surface coating according to the invention has the property that it is characterized by extensive stability against solvation, diffusion and decomposition processes

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAbrasion: Abrasion

Data Source

PatentEP2300642B1Electrochemical immersion method in an aqueous electrolyte for producing a biologically degradation stable surface layer on base bodies made of titanium or titanium based alloys
Publication Date: 2012.07.25 KONIGSEE IMPLANTATE & INSTR ZUR OSTEOSYNTHESE

AI summary

The invention relates to an electrochemical immersion method in an aqueous electrolyte for producing a biologically degradation-stable surface layer on base bodies made of titanium or titanium based alloys with anodic polarity of the base body. According to the invention, the electrolyte is formed as an aqueous solution from the components 0,05 - 0,5 mol/l calcium disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (C10H12N2O8CaNa2), 0.05 - 0.5 mol/l ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (NH4H2PO4), 0.5 - 5.0 mol/l hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and 0.003 - 0.03 mol/l pyridine-2.6-dicarboxylic acid (C7H5O4N).