Conductive Titanium Oxide Supercapacitor Electrodes
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conventional supercapacitor materials face limitations in achieving high power density, high energy density, and cost-effectiveness, with issues such as low capacitance, high production costs, and poor cycle stability, particularly when used in applications requiring high power and energy storage like electric vehicles and energy storage systems.
Innovation Solution
A titanium dioxide-based supercapacitor electrode material is developed using conductive titanium oxide, which undergoes reduction and/or doping treatments to create amorphous layers with defect structures, enabling higher specific capacitance and improved conductivity, allowing for the formation of symmetric supercapacitor devices with high power and energy densities and long cycle stability.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Power
If conventional supercapacitor materials (carbon materials, manganese dioxide, nickel oxide, ruthenium oxide, conductive polymers) are used, then high power density is achieved, but energy density and capacitance are limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the chemical composition and structural parameters of titanium dioxide through reduction treatment to create TiO2-x with oxygen vacancies and Ti3+ sites, transforming it from an insulating material to a conductive pseudocapacitive material with high energy density while maintaining high power density
Solution Approach 2:
The patent creates a composite structure by combining reduced titanium dioxide (TiO2-x) with conductive additives and binders to form a composite electrode material that synergistically achieves both high power density and high energy density, overcoming the limitations of single-material systems
2Quantity of substance
If high-capacity energy storage materials are used, then energy density increases, but internal heat generation and service life decrease
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces conductive additives and binders as intermediary materials that facilitate heat dissipation and electrical conductivity in the electrode structure, enabling high energy density storage while managing thermal effects to maintain long service life and reliability
Solution Approach 2:
The patent modifies the electrochemical parameters of titanium dioxide through reduction treatment, creating a material with optimized charge transfer characteristics that enables high energy density while maintaining electrochemical stability and long cycle life
3Ease of manufacture
If titanium dioxide is used as electrode material, then cost is reduced, but conductivity and specific capacitance are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies reduction treatment to titanium dioxide to change its electrical parameters, creating oxygen vacancies and Ti3+ sites that dramatically improve conductivity while maintaining the low-cost advantage of titanium-based materials
Solution Approach 2:
The patent replaces the need for expensive conductive materials by chemically modifying titanium dioxide to inherently possess conductive properties through reduction, substituting costly additives with a chemically transformed base material
4Ease of manufacture
If conventional electrode materials are used, then manufacturing simplicity is maintained, but capacitance and energy density are limited
Solution Approach 1:
The patent modifies the chemical and structural parameters of titanium dioxide through reduction treatment to achieve high capacitance, maintaining manufacturing simplicity by using a single-material system that is chemically transformed rather than physically complexly structured
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The titanium oxide-based supercapacitor electrodes achieve specific capacitances ranging from 20 F/g to 1,740 F/g, with high power density (up to 98 kW/kg) and energy density (up to 111 Wh/kg), and exhibit less than 10% capacitance attenuation after 10,000 cycles, addressing the limitations of conventional materials.
Implementation Method 1
conductive, nanostructured titanium oxide as an active substance, and particularly to a method for activating the pseudocapacitive energy storage performance of titanium dioxide by reduction and/or doping modification
Implementation Method 2
conductive, nanostructured titanium oxide as an active substance, and particularly to a method for activating the pseudocapacitive energy storage performance of titanium dioxide by reduction and/or doping modification
Implementation Method 3
a new energy storage system with a performance and a working mechanism between electronic capacitors and chemical batteries
Data Source
AI summary
A titanium oxide-based supercapacitor electrode material and a method of manufacturing same. A reactive substance of the titanium oxide-based supercapacitor electrode material is a conductive titanium oxide. The conductive titanium oxide is a sub-stoichiometric titanium oxide, reduced titanium dioxide, or doped reduced titanium dioxide obtained by further doping an element in reduced titanium dioxide. The titanium oxide-based supercapacitor electrode material has a carrier concentration greater than 1018 cm−3, and the titanium oxide-based supercapacitor electrode material has a specific capacitance 20 F/g to 1,740 F/g at a charge/discharge current of 1 A/g.