Titanium Phosphorothioic Acid Lubricant Antiwear Additives

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current antiwear additives in lubricant formulations, such as zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate, pose challenges due to high sulfur and phosphorus levels, which can poison pollution control devices in engines, necessitating the development of additives that provide enhanced antiwear properties while being compatible with these devices and minimizing sulfur and phosphorus content.

Innovation Solution

A lubricant composition incorporating a hydrocarbon soluble titanium compound and a metal salt of phosphorothioic acid, with a titanium-to-phosphorus ratio ranging from 0.3:1 to 1.5:1, which synergistically enhances antiwear film thickness without increasing sulfur and phosphorus levels.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate is used as antiwear additive, then antiwear properties are improved, but sulfur and phosphorus levels increase which poisons pollution control devices

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveantiwear propertiesVSAvoidsulfur and phosphorus content

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSObject-generated harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes the chemical composition parameters by replacing zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate with a titanium-based antiwear agent having specific molecular structure and properties. This substitution maintains antiwear effectiveness while dramatically reducing sulfur and phosphorus content to levels compatible with pollution control devices.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent employs a composite antiwear agent system combining titanium compound with specific molecular structure and accompanying additives. This composite formulation achieves superior antiwear properties while maintaining low sulfur and phosphorus content, resolving the contradiction between performance and environmental compatibility.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #40Composite materials

2Reliability

If sulfur and phosphorus containing additives are used, then antiwear properties are enhanced, but compatibility with pollution control devices is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveantiwear performanceVSAvoidcompatibility with pollution control devices

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent fundamentally changes the chemical parameters of the antiwear additive by using titanium-based compounds instead of traditional sulfur and phosphorus containing additives. This parameter change enables the lubricant to meet strict emission standards while maintaining protective antiwear performance.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #35Parameter changes

Solution Approach 2:

The patent converts the traditional harmful approach of using high sulfur and phosphorus additives into a beneficial low-sulfur, low-phosphorus titanium-based system. This inversion not only protects pollution control devices but also maintains effective antiwear properties, turning a harmful practice into a beneficial solution.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

3Reliability

If titanium compound and phosphorothioic acid metal salt are combined, then antiwear film thickness increases synergistically, but formulation complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:

Improveantiwear film thicknessVSAvoidadditive formulation complexity

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent merges the titanium compound with phosphorothioic acid metal salt into a unified antiwear agent formulation. This combination creates synergistic effects that enhance antiwear film thickness more effectively than either component alone, while the merging into a single formulated product reduces the complexity of multiple separate additives.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The combination of titanium and phosphorothioic acid metal salt in lubricant compositions provides superior antiwear properties, meeting stringent engine oil standards while reducing the need for high sulfur and phosphorus levels, thus protecting pollution control devices.

Implementation Method 1

a combination of a hydrocarbon soluble titanium compound and a hydrocarbon soluble phosphoric acid metal salt that may significantly improve the antiwear properties of a lubricant composition

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectSynergistic interaction:

Implementation Method 2

The antiwear agent provides a antiwear film thickness that is greater than a film thickness provided by the titanium compound or phosphorus compound alone

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectFilm formation: Deposition (physical)

Data Source

PatentUS8278254B2Additives and lubricant formulations having improved antiwear properties

Publication Date: 2012.10.02 AFTON CHEMICAL CORPORATION

AI summary

Lubricated surfaces, lubricant compositions for lubricating a surface, and methods for increasing antiwear properties in lubricants. The lubricated surface is provided by a lubricant composition including a base oil of lubricating viscosity, at least one metal salt of phosphorothioic acid, and an amount of at least one hydrocarbon soluble titanium compound effective to provide an increase in antiwear properties of the lubricant composition. A ratio of titanium metal to phosphorus in the antiwear agent ranges from about 0.3:1 to about 1.5:1.