TMD Spin-Orbit Readout for Higher-Voltage MESO Logic
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing magnetoelectric spin-orbit (MESO) logic devices produce a relatively small output signal, limiting their scalability and requiring in-plane ferromagnets, which restricts material choices.
Innovation Solution
Employing p-type monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides and proximitized graphene for spin-to-charge conversion, utilizing the valley Hall effect and perpendicular magnetic anisotropy to enhance output voltage and enable the use of magnets with PMA, which are more suitable for scaling.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If conventional MESO logic devices use in-plane spin polarization for spin-to-charge conversion, then the device structure is simpler, but the output signal remains small and limits scalability
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the spin polarization direction from in-plane to perpendicular orientation, and transitions from conventional materials to TMD materials with strong spin-orbit coupling. This parameter change enables larger output signals through enhanced spin-to-charge conversion efficiency while maintaining device feasibility
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs composite material structures combining TMD materials (such as MoS2, WS2) with ferromagnetic layers. This composite approach leverages the strong spin-orbit coupling of TMDs and the magnetic properties of ferromagnets to achieve both high output signals and scalable device performance
2Productivity
If conventional MESO devices are designed for cascading into large-scale integrated circuits, then integration density increases, but the small output signal makes cascading challenging
Solution Approach 1:
By changing to perpendicular spin polarization and using TMD materials with large spin Hall angles and long spin diffusion lengths, the output signal strength increases sufficiently to drive cascaded devices, enabling high integration density while maintaining signal integrity across multiple stages
Solution Approach 2:
The TMD material layer acts as an intermediary that enhances spin-to-charge conversion. Its strong spin-orbit coupling and favorable transport properties mediate between the magnetic layer and the readout circuit, boosting the output signal to levels suitable for cascading operations
3Area of moving object
If PMA magnets are used to reduce magnet size, then device area decreases, but maintaining energy barrier integrity becomes more difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The composite structure of TMD materials with ferromagnetic layers having PMA creates synergistic effects. The TMD layer provides strong spin-orbit coupling that enhances the energy barrier, allowing smaller magnet sizes while maintaining or even improving thermal stability and energy barrier integrity
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution results in higher output voltage and allows for smaller, more efficient MESO devices with improved energy efficiency and integration density, overcoming the limitations of in-plane designs.
Implementation Method 1
leveraging the valley Hall effect to enhance output voltage and enable the use of magnets with PMA
Implementation Method 2
the coupling of an electron's inherent angular momentum with its translational orbital motion
Implementation Method 3
magnetoelectric switching is used to convert an input voltage/charge into a magnetic spin state
Data Source
AI summary
In one embodiment, an integrated circuit die includes: a first layer comprising a magnetoelectric material; a second layer comprising a monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD); a magnet between the first layer and the second layer, wherein the magnet has perpendicular magnetic anisotropy; a first conductive trace coupled to the first layer; and a second conductive trace coupled to the magnet.