CW Time-of-Flight Modulation Using Harmonic-Canceling Waveforms

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Solution Overview

Problem

Continuous Wave (CW) ToF camera systems face challenges in generating sinusoidal signals, which are costly and difficult to produce, while non-sinusoidal signals like square waves are easier but suffer from significant harmonic content that reduces measurement accuracy.

Innovation Solution

Utilizing two or more non-sinusoidal control signals, such as square or trapezoidal waves, with different duty cycle ratios to combine into a single modulated signal that approximates a sinusoidal signal, thereby reducing harmonic energy and maintaining system accuracy.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If sinusoidal control signals are used to modulate the light source, then measurement accuracy is improved, but device complexity and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemeasurement accuracyVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent combines multiple non-sinusoidal control signals (first and second modulated control signals) to produce a combined signal that approximates a sinusoidal waveform. This merging approach achieves the measurement accuracy of sinusoidal signals while using simpler non-sinusoidal signal generation methods, thereby reducing device complexity and cost.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent creates a composite control signal by combining multiple non-sinusoidal signals with different duty cycle ratios. This composite signal exhibits sinusoidal characteristics in its harmonic content, providing accurate measurements while avoiding the complexity of generating pure sinusoidal signals through traditional oscillators or waveform generators.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #40Composite materials

2Device complexity

If non-sinusoidal control signals are used to modulate the light source, then device complexity is reduced, but harmonic content increases reducing measurement accuracy

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedevice complexityVSAvoidmeasurement accuracy
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSMeasurement precision

Solution Approach 1:

The patent converts the harmful harmonic content of non-sinusoidal signals into a beneficial outcome by combining multiple non-sinusoidal signals with different duty cycle ratios. The combination causes harmonic cancellation effects, where the harmonic content of individual signals interferes destructively, reducing overall harmonic distortion and improving measurement accuracy while maintaining simple signal generation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #22Blessing in disguise (Convert harm into benefit)

3Object-generated harmful factors

If multiple non-sinusoidal control signals are combined, then harmonic content is reduced, but control signal complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveharmonic noiseVSAvoidcontrol signal complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-generated harmful factorsVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The patent changes key parameters of the control signals, specifically the duty cycle ratios of the first and second modulated control signals. By optimizing these duty cycle parameters, the combined signal achieves reduced harmonic content while maintaining a manageable control architecture. The parameter optimization balances harmonic reduction with control simplicity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentEP4196821B1A continuous wave time of flight system
Publication Date: 2026.04.08 ANALOG DEVICES INT UNLTD CO
  • EP4196821B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP4196821B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4196821B1 patent drawingFigure 3(a)~3(b)

AI summary

The disclosure provides different time of flight, ToF, methods and systems for using two or more non-sinusoidal control signals to achieve modulated output light and/or image sensor control with reduced harmonic content. In particular, the two or more non-sinusoidal control signals have different relative phase offsets or duty cycle ratios such that a combined signal resulting from combing the two or more control signals has reduced harmonic content. By utilising non-sinusoidal signals and effectively making using of the combined signal for the output light and/or image sensor control, the system is more straightforward and lower cost to implement compared with systems that use sinusoidal control signals, whilst still maintaining accuracy of the system by minimising the harmonic noise normally associated with non-sinusoidal signals.