Token-Based Bandwidth Allocation for Interactive Services

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing bandwidth management systems in network environments often throttle connections to prevent excessive bandwidth usage, leading to a degraded user experience and increased costs, as they lack efficient mechanisms to dynamically allocate and utilize available bandwidth.

Innovation Solution

A token-based crediting and debiting scheme is implemented, where tokens represent a portion of the total available bandwidth, allowing connections to temporarily exceed allocated limits by using stored credits or borrowing from inactive connections, ensuring responsive performance while managing overall bandwidth costs.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of energy

If connections are throttled to prevent excessive bandwidth usage, then bandwidth consumption is controlled, but user experience is degraded

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebandwidth consumptionVSAvoiduser experience
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The system dynamically adjusts bandwidth allocation by transitioning from static throttling to dynamic token-based allocation. The token bucket mechanism allows bandwidth limits to adapt in real-time based on connection activity, enabling flexible control that responds to actual usage patterns rather than enforcing fixed restrictions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

Solution Approach 2:

The invention changes the parameter of bandwidth allocation from a fixed threshold to a dynamic token count. By representing bandwidth as discrete tokens that can be accumulated, stored, and redeemed, the system transforms the rigid parameter into a flexible one that can be adjusted based on historical usage, connection priority, and available capacity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Loss of energy

If static bandwidth limits are enforced, then bandwidth costs are controlled, but data bursts are restricted

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebandwidth costsVSAvoiddata transfer rate
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSSpeed

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary action by pre-allocating tokens to connections before actual data transfer occurs. Tokens are distributed in advance based on connection establishment, allowing connections to have immediate bandwidth availability without waiting for gradual allocation, thus enabling rapid data bursts when tokens are available.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

Tokens serve as an intermediary mechanism between cost control and data transfer speed. Rather than directly limiting bandwidth, the system uses tokens as a mediating resource that connections must possess to access bandwidth, allowing flexible control where tokens can be accumulated during low-usage periods and spent during high-demand periods.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

3Ease of operation

If bandwidth is allocated uniformly, then fairness is maintained, but efficiency is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
ImprovefairnessVSAvoidbandwidth efficiency
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSProductivity

Solution Approach 1:

The system applies local quality by allowing different connections to have different token allocation rates and priorities. Rather than uniform treatment, each connection can receive tokens at different rates based on its needs, historical usage, and priority level, enabling differentiated service quality while maintaining overall system fairness through the shared token pool.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #3Local quality

Solution Approach 2:

The token allocation system dynamically adjusts bandwidth distribution based on real-time connection characteristics and usage patterns. The system can prioritize certain connections, adjust allocation rates, and respond to changing conditions, transforming static uniform allocation into dynamic adaptive allocation that improves overall efficiency while maintaining fairness.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #15Dynamics

4Productivity

If connections are monitored continuously, then bandwidth usage is optimized, but system complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebandwidth optimizationVSAvoidsystem complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The token-based system enables self-service by allowing connections to automatically manage their own bandwidth access using their token balances. Connections present tokens for bandwidth access without requiring complex real-time negotiation or approval processes, and the system automatically refills tokens based on predefined policies, reducing the need for complex continuous monitoring and control logic.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Data Source

PatentEP3011710B1Controlling bandwidth across multiple users for interactive services
Publication Date: 2017.05.31 MICROSOFT TECHNOLOGY LICENSING LLC
  • EP3011710B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3011710B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3011710B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

Embodiments are directed to controlling bandwidth usage using a token-based crediting and debiting scheme and to allowing connections to temporarily exceed bandwidth allocations using token credits. In one scenario, a bandwidth managing service receives a request to establish a connection with a network. The connection is associated with various subscribers that are part of a subscription. The bandwidth managing service assigns tokens to the connection, which are distributed from a pool of tokens that represents a total available bandwidth for the network. The bandwidth managing service receives a data transfer request from a logical user to transfer data over the network connection, where the data transfer request includes at least some of the assigned tokens. The bandwidth managing service also allocates to the connection a specified amount of bandwidth commensurate with the number of assigned tokens provided in the data transfer request.