Electrical Tomography ADC Reference Input for Noise Cancellation
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing electrical impedance tomography (EIT) and electrical process tomography (TPE) methods are unsuitable for materials with low impedance variation or complex electrode connections, leading to insufficient resolution for meaningful information extraction.
Innovation Solution
An electrical process tomography measurement device with a current or voltage source, electrodes, and an analog-to-digital converter, where the current or voltage source is connected to the reference input of the converter, canceling out noise from the stimulation signal and improving measurement resolution.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If conventional EIT/TPE measurement methods are used, then the device structure is simple, but measurement precision is insufficient for materials with low impedance variation
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a reference input as an intermediary element in the measurement system. By connecting the current source to the reference input of the analog-to-digital converter, the system creates a reference signal path that mediates between the stimulation signal and the measurement process, enabling noise cancellation and improved measurement precision without fundamentally redesigning the entire device structure
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies preliminary anti-action by preemptively canceling noise from the stimulation signal through the reference input connection. The system prepares counter-measures against the harmful noise effect before it degrades the measurement, by establishing a reference path that allows the converter to subtract the noise component from the measured signal
2Adaptability or versatility
If conventional measurement approaches are used, then device complexity is low, but the technique is unsuitable for materials with complex electrode connections
Solution Approach 1:
The patent enhances universality by making the measurement device adaptable to various materials and electrode configurations through the reference input mechanism. The same basic device structure can now measure materials with low impedance variation, complex electrode connections, or both simultaneously, by utilizing the noise-cancellation capability provided by the reference input without requiring material-specific modifications
3Measurement precision
If standard analog-to-digital conversion is used, then device structure is simple, but noise from stimulation signal degrades measurement quality
Solution Approach 1:
The reference input acts as an intermediary between the current source and the analog-to-digital conversion process. It allows the converter to access the stimulation signal directly and use it as a reference for noise cancellation, mediating the interaction between stimulation and measurement to improve signal quality
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements feedback by using the reference input to feed back information about the stimulation signal to the analog-to-digital converter. This feedback loop enables the converter to adjust its measurement process dynamically, subtracting the known stimulation signal characteristics from the measured signal to eliminate noise
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
Enhances measurement resolution, allowing the use of TPE in previously inaccessible contexts such as human-machine interfaces, non-destructive testing, and structural monitoring with materials not normally suitable for TPE or EIT.
Implementation Method 1
Electrical impedance tomography (EIT)... An alternating current is applied to some electrodes, and voltages are measured from the others
Implementation Method 2
an analog-to-digital converter... arranged to emit a digital signal corresponding to the difference between the voltage of the two measurement inputs
Data Source
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AI summary
The invention relates to an electrical tomography measurement device for a solid substrate, the device comprising a current or voltage source (12), a plurality of electrodes (22) that can be connected to a solid substrate (24) to be measured and an analogue-to-digital converter (26) comprising two measurement inputs (+,-) and a reference input (r), the converter being arranged to output a digital signal corresponding to the difference between the voltage of the two measurement inputs (+,-) proportional to a voltage level provided by the reference input (r), the current or voltage source (12) being capable of being controllably connected to a pair of electrodes from the plurality of electrodes (22), such that a current from the current or voltage source (12) flows through the substrate to be measured in a chosen excitation sequence, the two measurement inputs (+,-) of the analogue-to-digital converter (26) each being capable of being connected to a respective electrode of a pair of electrodes from the plurality of electrodes (22) chosen according to the excitation sequence, characterised in that the current or voltage source (12) is connected to the reference input (r) of the analogue-to-digital converter (26).