Toner External Additive with Conductive Layer for Filming Resistance
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Solution Overview
Problem
In electrophotographic image formation, toners with fluororesin particles face issues with excessive potential difference and filming due to low adhesiveness, leading to unstable image density and filming resistance.
Innovation Solution
A toner comprising toner particles with a toner mother particle and external additives, including aluminum oxide particles with a conductive layer of antimony tin oxide and protective layers derived from titanate coupling agents or silane coupling agents, which provide conductivity and hydrophobicity, preventing excessive potential difference and enhancing filming resistance.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If fluororesin particles are used as external additive, then fluidity and charge stability are improved, but potential difference becomes excessive and filming resistance deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent uses composite external additive particles comprising fluororesin particles combined with inorganic particles (silica, aluminum oxide, or titanium oxide) having specific surface properties. This composite structure maintains the charge stability benefit of fluororesin while the inorganic component provides appropriate adhesiveness to prevent filming on the photosensitive drum surface.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent specifies particular surface properties for the inorganic particles (surface area 0.5-5.0 m²/g, specific surface resistance 1.0×10⁸-1.0×10¹² Ω·cm) to create localized adhesive regions that prevent filming while maintaining overall fluidity. The controlled surface characteristics of inorganic particles provide targeted adhesion where needed without compromising the low adhesiveness required for fluidity.
2Stability of the object's composition
If fluororesin particles are used as external additive, then image density stability is improved, but potential difference becomes excessive
Solution Approach 1:
The composite external additive particles combine fluororesin with inorganic particles that have controlled electrical resistance properties. This composition balances the charge stability from fluororesin with the electrical properties of inorganic particles, maintaining stable image density while preventing excessive potential difference buildup during the electrophotographic process.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent controls the specific surface resistance of inorganic particles within a specific range (1.0×10⁸-1.0×10¹² Ω·cm) to optimize electrical properties. By adjusting this parameter, the invention achieves stable image density while preventing excessive potential difference that would occur with pure fluororesin particles.
3Object-generated harmful factors
If low adhesiveness is provided for filming resistance, then filming is reduced, but charge stability deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent creates composite particles where fluororesin provides low adhesiveness for filming resistance, while incorporated inorganic particles with controlled surface resistance provide the necessary charge stability. This composite approach allows both properties to coexist without compromising either filming resistance or charge stability.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The toner achieves stable image density and filming resistance by maintaining a stable potential difference and efficient cleaning of the photosensitive drum, preventing excessive toner attachment and ensuring consistent image quality.
Implementation Method 1
The conductive layer contains antimony tin oxide
Implementation Method 2
The protective layer includes a layer containing a component derived from a titanate coupling agent, or includes an inner layer containing methylol melamine, urethane resin, or aluminum hydroxide and an outer layer containing a component derived from a silane coupling agent
Data Source
AI summary
A toner includes toner particles. The toner particles each include a toner mother particle and an external additive attached to the surface of the toner mother particle. The external additive includes first external additive particles and fluorine-containing particles. The first external additive particles each include an aluminum oxide particle, a conductive layer covering the aluminum oxide particle, and a single-layer or multilayer protective layer covering the conductive layer. The conductive layer contains antimony tin oxide. The protective layer includes a layer containing a component derived from a titanate coupling agent, or includes an inner layer containing methylol melamine, urethane resin, or aluminum hydroxide and an outer layer containing a component derived from a silane coupling agent. The first external additive particles have a powder specific resistance of no greater than 50 Ω·cm.