Topographic Shielding for Medium Voltage Switchgears

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing shielding elements for medium voltage switchgears with vacuum interrupters face challenges in effectively absorbing energy during arcing, particularly due to limitations in material thickness and complexity in production, which affect their interrupting capability and manufacturing efficiency.

Innovation Solution

The shielding element features a topographic surface structure with a surface area enhancement, achieved through abrasive particle blasting or crosswise arranged grooves (knurl-structures), which increases energy absorption without increasing material volume, allowing for efficient energy dissipation during arcing and easy manufacturing.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Loss of energy

If the wall thickness of the shielding element is increased to provide enough bulk material for machining a profiled shielding, then the manufacturing complexity and material consumption increase, but the energy absorption capability is improved

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy absorption capabilityVSAvoidshielding structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention transitions from modifying the shielding in the volume dimension (increasing wall thickness) to modifying it in the surface dimension (adding topographic structures). By creating grooves, ridges, and other surface features on the inner surface of the shielding element, the effective surface area is multiplied without increasing the overall volume or wall thickness, thus resolving the contradiction between energy absorption and structural simplicity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Solution Approach 2:

The invention creates a porous-like topographic structure on the inner surface of the shielding element through grooves, ridges, and other features. This increased surface area provides more sites for energy absorption during arcing events, effectively enhancing the shielding's energy handling capability without requiring additional bulk material or increasing wall thickness.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #31Porous materials

2Reliability

If profiled shielding is used to absorb more metal vapour during switching, then the interrupting capability is improved, but the manufacturing process becomes more complex requiring machining

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinterrupting capabilityVSAvoidmanufacturing process simplicity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The topographic surface structures (grooves, ridges, etc.) are pre-formed on the shielding element during the molding process itself, rather than requiring subsequent machining operations. This preliminary creation of the energy-absorbing surface features during manufacturing maintains production efficiency while achieving the desired interrupting capability enhancement.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

3Loss of energy

If the surface area of the shielding element is increased through microstructuring, then the energy absorption is enhanced, but the manufacturing complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveenergy absorptionVSAvoidsurface structure complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Loss of energyVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The invention modifies the surface parameters of the shielding element by introducing topographic features (grooves, ridges, etc.) that multiply the effective surface area. These structural parameter changes are achieved through standard molding techniques rather than complex microstructuring processes, enhancing energy absorption while maintaining manufacturing simplicity.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This surface structure design significantly enhances energy absorption during arcing, maintaining high performance and reproducibility in vacuum interrupters, while avoiding material sticking issues and reducing the risk of performance degradation, thus improving the overall energy handling capability and manufacturing simplicity.

Implementation Method 1

the topographic surface structure is a blasted surface treated by abrasive particle blasting

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSurface area enhancement through abrasive particle blasting: Abrasion

Implementation Method 2

the maximum possible energy absortion in case of occuring light arcing is achieved

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEnergy absorption: Absorption (EM radiation)

Implementation Method 3

the topographic structure consists of crosswise arranged grooves, so called knurl-structures

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSurface multiplication through knurling: Knurling

Implementation Method 4

The knurling has a great surface multiplying factor, so that energy can be absorbed by a greater surface

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectEnergy absorption: Absorption (EM radiation)

Implementation Method 5

The copper or copper-chromium material wets the surface of the shielding material. That means the material stays at the surface with a good binding condition

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectMaterial wetting and adhesion: Wetting

Data Source

PatentEP2807666B1Shielding element for the use in medium voltage switchgears
Publication Date: 2019.09.18 ABB (SCHWEIZ) AG
  • EP2807666B1 patent drawingFigure 1

AI summary

The invention relates to a shielding element for the use in medium voltage switchgears with vacuum interrupters with at least two contacts, which are movable along a switching path between closed and open contact position, wherein the shielding element is positioned around the contact position region in the vacuum interrupter, wherein at least the inner surface of the shielding is applied with a topographic structure which is a rough or a structured surface, according to claim 1. In order to enhance the energy absorbance behavior of the at least the shielding, the implemented topographic structure is formed in such a way, that by given constant or approximately constant volume (Vi) of the shielding body, the surface ratio of the treated surface (S2) with implemented surface structure, and a untreated surface (S1) without topographic structure is greater than 1, so that this follows the condition V1 ~ V2 and S2/S1 >1.