Toroidal Conductivity Sensor with Internal Loop for Linear Wide-Range Sensing
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Solution Overview
Problem
Conductivity sensors face issues with signal linearization, limited sensing range, and bulky geometric size, particularly in toroidal sensors used for measuring conductivities in various liquids.
Innovation Solution
The use of toroidal sensors with two differently sized toroids, a resistive element in parallel with the receiving toroid, and an internal conduction loop with a variable resistor element, along with in-situ calibration, to improve signal resolution, broaden the sensing range, and reduce sensor size.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Adaptability or versatility
If traditional toroidal sensors use two toroids of the same size, then the sensor structure is simple, but the sensing range is limited and signal linearization is difficult
Solution Approach 1:
The patent applies asymmetry by using two toroids of different sizes - a larger driving toroid and a smaller receiving toroid. This asymmetric configuration allows the driving toroid to generate sufficient magnetic flux while the smaller receiving toroid provides better signal resolution, thereby expanding the sensing range without requiring complex additional components
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements dynamics through the use of a variable resistor connected in parallel with the receiving toroid. This variable resistor allows dynamic adjustment of the sensing characteristics to maintain signal linearity across different conductivity ranges, enabling the sensor to adapt to varying measurement conditions without structural changes
2Measurement precision
If toroidal sensors are designed with sufficient size for accurate measurement, then measurement precision is improved, but the geometric size of the sensor becomes bulky
Solution Approach 1:
The asymmetric toroid design allows the receiving toroid to be smaller than the driving toroid. The smaller receiving toroid reduces the overall sensor volume while maintaining adequate signal resolution through optimized winding configurations and the use of the variable resistor for signal conditioning
Solution Approach 2:
The patent applies local quality by concentrating the measurement function in the smaller receiving toroid while the larger driving toroid focuses on generating sufficient magnetic flux. This division of functional qualities allows each component to be optimized for its specific role, reducing overall size while maintaining measurement precision
3Adaptability or versatility
If the sensing signal is amplified to extend the sensing range, then the measurable conductivity range increases, but noise is also amplified
Solution Approach 1:
The patent changes the electrical parameters by using a variable resistor in parallel with the receiving toroid instead of signal amplification. By adjusting the resistance value, the sensor can extend its sensing range for different conductivity levels while avoiding the amplification of noise that would occur with traditional amplification circuits
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The solution enables accurate conductivity measurements across a wide range with reduced noise and power consumption, maintaining a compact size suitable for harsh environments.
Implementation Method 1
When these toroidal sensors are immersed in a conductive fluid, the drive coil is electrically excited by an alternating current source and the drive coil generates a changing magnetic field.
Implementation Method 2
This changing magnetic field induces a current loop in the fluid to be tested. The magnitude of the induced current is a function of the conductivity of the fluid.
Implementation Method 3
The current in the fluid induces a current in the receiver coil and that current is analyzed to measure the conductivity.
Data Source
AI summary
A toroidal conductivity sensor having increased range and linearity. The size of the driving coil can be reduced in comparison to the receiving coil. An internal conduction loop is provided through both driving and receiving coils.