Toroidal Mirror Enhancement Resonator for High-Power Scaling

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional enhancement resonators face limitations in enlarging beam diameters and maintaining stability near the edges of their stability range, leading to astigmatism effects and mirror damage due to high intensity, which impede further power scaling for high-repetition-rate lasers.

Innovation Solution

The use of toroidal mirrors with different radii of curvature in the tangential and sagittal planes, combined with cylindrical mirrors, allows for a significant enlargement of beam diameters on all mirrors while adjusting ellipticity to avoid astigmatism, thereby reducing intensity and thermal gradients on mirrors, and enabling operation near the stability range edges with minimal sensitivity to maladjustments.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Area of stationary object

If conventional enhancement resonators are used with standard dielectric laser mirrors, then the resonator can operate with compact design, but the beam diameter on mirrors is limited and intensity-related mirror damage occurs at high powers

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvebeam diameter on mirrorsVSAvoidintensity-related mirror damage
Core Design Contradiction:
Area of stationary objectVSObject-affected harmful factors

Solution Approach 1:

The patent employs toroidal mirrors with different radii of curvature in the tangential and sagittal planes, and cylindrical mirrors, to create a resonator configuration that naturally enlarges the beam diameter on all mirrors. This curvature-based geometric design transforms the beam propagation characteristics to achieve large spot sizes without requiring additional beam-expanding optics, thereby reducing intensity on mirror surfaces and preventing intensity-related mirror damage at high average powers

Inventive Principle:
Principle #14Spheroidality (Curvature)

Solution Approach 2:

The patent changes the geometric parameters of the resonator by operating near the edges of the stability range with specifically designed toroidal and cylindrical mirror configurations. This parameter change enables beam diameters on mirrors to be enlarged by factors of 10 to 30 compared to conventional resonators, while maintaining stable operation and avoiding astigmatism effects through proper selection of radii of curvature

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

2Reliability

If the resonator operates near the edges of the stability range to achieve low sensitivity to maladjustments, then the configuration becomes more robust, but the stability margin is reduced

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvesensitivity to maladjustmentsVSAvoidstability margin
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSStability of the object's composition

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces asymmetry in the mirror curvatures by using toroidal mirrors with different radii of curvature in the tangential and sagittal planes, combined with cylindrical mirrors. This asymmetric configuration creates a stable operating point near the edge of the stability range that is inherently less sensitive to maladjustments and vibrations, while maintaining adequate stability margin through the specific geometric relationships between the mirrors

Inventive Principle:
Principle #4Asymmetry

3Object-affected harmful factors

If beam diameters are enlarged to reduce intensity on mirrors, then mirror damage is reduced, but astigmatism effects and beam shape deformation occur

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemirror damageVSAvoidbeam shape deformation
Core Design Contradiction:
Object-affected harmful factorsVSShape

Solution Approach 1:

The patent uses toroidal mirrors with different radii of curvature in the tangential and sagittal planes to compensate for astigmatism effects. The specific combination of toroidal and cylindrical mirrors creates a beam propagation path where the curvature-induced astigmatism is counterbalanced, maintaining a circular beam cross-section throughout the resonator while achieving large beam diameters on all mirrors, thus preventing both mirror damage and beam shape deformation

Inventive Principle:
Principle #14Spheroidality (Curvature)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This design achieves a beam diameter enlargement by a factor of 10 to 30, allowing for higher average power levels and optimized interaction volumes for nonlinear effects, such as high-order harmonic generation, with reduced mirror damage and improved phase matching, enabling the enhancement of femtosecond pulses to the MW average power level.

Implementation Method 1

generating intra-resonator laser light by coherent superposition (or: coherent addition) of laser light

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectCoherent superposition:

Implementation Method 2

Passive optical resonators can be efficiently excited by laser light as its coherence allows for a constant phase relationship of the input laser light field with the field inside the resonator

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectResonance: Resonance

Implementation Method 3

The conversion of the fundamental intra-cavity light upon a pass through a nonlinear medium represents round trip losses

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectNonlinear optical conversion: Second Harmonic Generation

Data Source

PatentEP2946447B1Enhancement resonator including non-spherical mirrors
Publication Date: 2018.06.06 MAX PLANCK GESELLSCHAFT ZUR FOERDERUNG DER WISSENSCHAFTEN EV
  • EP2946447B1 patent drawingFigure 1~3
  • EP2946447B1 patent drawingFigure 4~5
  • EP2946447B1 patent drawingFigure 6~8

AI summary

An enhancement resonator (20) being configured for generating intra-resonator laser light (1) by coherent superposition of input laser light, comprises at least three resonator mirrors (21, 22, 23, 24) spanning a ring resonator path in one common resonator plane, said resonator path being free of a laser light amplifying medium, wherein the at least three resonator mirrors (21, 22, 23, 24) include at least two toroidal mirrors and/or at least one cylindrical mirror. Furthermore, a laser device (100) comprising the enhancement resonator (20) and a method of generating intra-resonator laser light (1) are described.