Non-denatured Toxoid Vaccine via Particulate Vector
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current toxoid preparations rely on heat and chemical denaturation processes for vaccine development, which can be difficult to control, leading to residual toxicity or compromised antigenic presentation and reduced vaccine potency.
Innovation Solution
A toxoid preparation comprising a non-disrupted and non-denatured toxin associated with a particulate vector that minimizes toxin damage at its action site, using a nanoparticle with a cellular membrane outer surface derived from a cell, without a linker, to facilitate immune processing and antigen presentation.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Object-affected harmful factors
If heat and chemical denaturation processes are used to prepare toxoid vaccines, then the toxin is inactivated to reduce toxicity, but the antigenic presentation is compromised and vaccine potency is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
A particulate vector is introduced as an intermediary carrier to deliver the toxin to the target site. The vector protects the toxin from premature denaturation while enabling controlled delivery, thus maintaining antigenic integrity without requiring harsh heat or chemical treatment that would compromise vaccine potency
Solution Approach 2:
The invention changes the physical state and delivery parameters of the toxin by associating it with a particulate vector. This allows the toxin to be delivered in a controlled manner that preserves its antigenic structure, avoiding the need for complete denaturation that traditionally compromises vaccine effectiveness
2Reliability
If extended denaturation is applied to ensure complete toxin inactivation, then residual toxicity is eliminated, but the toxoid's antigenic presentation is greatly compromised and vaccine potency is reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The harmful toxic function is extracted from the toxin molecule through selective inactivation, while the antigenic function is preserved. The particulate vector system allows this differentiation, enabling the toxin to be neutralized of its harmful effects while maintaining its ability to elicit an immune response
Solution Approach 2:
Instead of completely denaturing the toxin to eliminate toxicity (which also destroys antigenicity), the invention inverts the approach by using a vector system that delivers the toxin in a form that is toxicologically safe but immunologically active, thus achieving protection through the opposite route of complete destruction
3Object-affected harmful factors
If conventional denaturation methods are used, then the toxin is inactivated, but the structural integrity and immune response elicitation are reduced
Solution Approach 1:
The toxin is nested within or associated with the particulate vector structure, which protects the toxin's structural integrity during delivery. This nested arrangement allows the toxin to maintain its conformational structure necessary for antigenic presentation while being delivered safely to the target site
Solution Approach 2:
The particulate vector serves as an intermediary that preserves the toxin's structural integrity during delivery. Rather than directly treating the toxin with denaturing agents, the vector mediates the delivery process, allowing the toxin to reach its target in a structurally intact but non-toxic form
Data Source
AI summary
The present invention relates to toxoid preparations comprising a non-disrupted and/or a non-denatured toxin associated with a particulate vector that minimizes or precludes said toxin from inflicting damage at an action site of said toxin. The present invention also relates to immunogenic compositions or vaccines comprising the toxoid preparations, and the methods of using the toxoid preparations, immunogenic compositions or vaccines.