Tracheal Connector Segmented Restriction for Dynamic PEEP
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current tracheal connectors fail to effectively generate dynamic positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) during expiration, leading to alveolar collapse and difficulty in weaning patients from mechanical ventilation, due to insufficient discharge of expired air and potential blockages in the restriction mechanism.
Innovation Solution
A tracheal connector design with a restriction mechanism on the respiratory gas flow path between the respiratory port and tracheal port, which narrows the flow path to increase dynamic PEEP by creating a turbulent flow region, preventing insufficient discharge of expired air and avoiding blockages near the exhaust port.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Stress or pressure
If a restriction mechanism is formed on the side closer to the exhaust port, then the dynamic PEEP value increases, but the risk of blockage by phlegm increases and expiratory flow discharge becomes insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The flow path restriction is segmented into multiple regions: a first restriction region in the inspiratory flow path and a second restriction region in the expiratory flow path. This segmentation allows the inspiratory restriction to generate dynamic PEEP while the separate expiratory path with its own restriction ensures reliable expiratory flow discharge without blockage by phlegm.
Solution Approach 2:
The expiratory flow path restriction is extracted as a separate functional element from the inspiratory restriction mechanism. The expiratory flow path includes a dedicated second restriction region that is spatially separated from the inspiratory restriction, allowing independent optimization of PEEP generation and expiratory flow discharge.
2Stress or pressure
If the respiratory gas flow path is narrowed to increase dynamic PEEP, then alveolar collapse is prevented, but the risk of insufficient expired air discharge increases
Solution Approach 1:
Different local qualities are applied to different parts of the flow path: the inspiratory flow path has a restriction mechanism that narrows the path to increase dynamic PEEP, while the expiratory flow path has a separate restriction region designed specifically to maintain efficient expiratory flow discharge. Each region is optimized for its specific function.
3Stress or pressure
If phlegm blocks the through orifice in the restriction mechanism, then the dynamic PEEP value dramatically increases, but this causes problems in respiratory management
Solution Approach 1:
The expiratory flow path acts as an intermediary path that bypasses the inspiratory restriction mechanism. When phlegm blocks the inspiratory through orifice, the expiratory flow path with its own restriction region ensures that expiratory flow can still be discharged properly, preventing dangerous buildup of pressure while maintaining respiratory management control.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The design effectively increases dynamic PEEP, reducing alveolar collapse and respiratory effort, facilitating earlier weaning from mechanical ventilation while preventing expired air from being insufficiently discharged.
Implementation Method 1
a restriction mechanism configured to narrow the respiratory gas flow path so that a flow of the respiratory gas is restricted and accelerates
Implementation Method 2
the value of the dynamic PEEP of the patient tends to increase easily
Data Source
AI summary
A tracheal connector is connected to a respiratory gas generator and a tracheal tube. The tracheal connector includes a tracheal connector body connected to the tracheal tube, a connector tube connected to the tracheal connector body and the respiratory gas generator, and a restriction mechanism configured to narrow a respiratory gas flow path configured to allow the respiratory gas to flow therein. The tracheal connector body includes a tracheal port connected to the tracheal tube, an exhaust port facing the tracheal port and configured to discharge at least expired air of the subject, and a respiratory port connected to the connector tube. The restriction mechanism is provided on the respiratory gas flow path between the respiratory port and the tracheal port.