Traction Transformer Core Mounting for Weight Reduction

Resolve Bottlenecks,
Find Innovative Solutions
Generate Solutions

Solution Overview

Problem

Conventional traction transformers for electric railway vehicles are bulky and heavy due to their design requirements, which include accommodating various input frequencies and voltages, and are prone to mechanical stress and electrical failures from dust and humidity, necessitating substantial materials for mechanical stability and insulation.

Innovation Solution

A compact traction transformer design where the transformer core is not in contact with the insulating liquid, allowing direct attachment of mounting means to the core, reducing the amount of insulating liquid and simplifying the mechanical structure, using lightweight materials for the enclosure, and incorporating support elements and stiffening elements to manage mechanical forces and stray magnetic fields.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If the transformer core is encased in a tank filled with insulating oil, then electrical insulation and heat transfer are improved, but the weight and size of the transformer increase substantially

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveelectrical insulationVSAvoidtransformer weight
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSWeight of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent divides the transformer into two separate parts: the core (with windings) and the tank (with insulating oil). The core is not encased in the tank but is positioned above it, connected via support elements. This segmentation allows the core to be mounted directly to the vehicle structure, eliminating the need for a heavy steel tank that must bear the core's weight, while the tank still provides necessary electrical insulation and cooling for the windings.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent extracts the core from the traditional oil-filled tank enclosure. Instead of being immersed in oil, the core is positioned above the tank and connected through support elements. This extraction removes the unnecessary structural weight of a thick-walled tank while preserving the essential functions of electrical insulation and thermal management through the oil-filled tank and alternative cooling paths.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

2Strength

If a substantial wall thickness and heavy material are used for the tank, then mechanical stability is improved, but the weight increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemechanical stabilityVSAvoidtank weight
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSWeight of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent removes the core from the tank enclosure, allowing the tank to be designed without substantial wall thickness. Since the core is mounted separately to the vehicle structure, the tank only needs to contain the insulating oil and provide electrical insulation, not bear mechanical loads. This enables the use of lighter materials and thinner walls while maintaining necessary electrical and thermal functions.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

Solution Approach 2:

By separating the core mounting function from the tank structure, the patent allows each component to be optimized independently. The vehicle structure bears the mechanical loads through direct core mounting, while the tank is optimized for its containing and insulating functions, enabling lightweight construction without compromising overall mechanical stability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

3Use of energy by moving object

If the transformer is placed outside the main casing (underfloor or rooftop), then space for ventilation is improved, but the available installation space is limited by vehicle height and ground clearance

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveventilation efficiencyVSAvoidinstallation space
Core Design Contradiction:
Use of energy by moving objectVSArea of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The patent transitions from horizontal placement (underfloor or rooftop) to vertical placement. The core is positioned above the tank in the vertical dimension, allowing the transformer assembly to fit within the vehicle's vertical space envelope. This vertical arrangement optimizes ventilation pathways and utilizes otherwise underutilized vertical space, improving heat dissipation while accommodating installation constraints.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

4Device complexity

If dry insulation or air insulation is used, then the structure is simpler, but electrical failures occur frequently due to dust and humidity exposure

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveinsulation structureVSAvoidelectrical reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Device complexityVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The patent introduces insulating oil as an intermediary substance between the windings and the external environment. The oil-filled tank acts as a protective barrier that excludes dust and humidity from the electrical components, preventing the electrical failures that plague dry-insulated transformers. The support elements and mounting structure serve as additional intermediaries that maintain the separation between the core and the tank while allowing thermal and mechanical interaction.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #24Intermediary (Mediator)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The design achieves a reduced size and weight while maintaining power density, enhancing mechanical stability and reducing electrical failures, allowing for efficient energy transfer and improved thermal management.

Implementation Method 1

conventional state of the art traction transformers for electric railway propulsion vehicles are by the type of insulation and cooling oil-immersed transformers to meet the requirements. Oil being a very good heat transfer medium and a good electrically insulating material compared to air

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectrical insulation: Dielectric

Implementation Method 2

Oil being a very good heat transfer medium and a good electrically insulating material compared to air, when a high power density is needed

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectHeat transfer: Convection

Implementation Method 3

the traction transformer is a crucial piece in the traction chain... provides energy from the catenary to the propulsion motor and for all on board systems

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectElectromagnetic induction: Electromagnetic Induction

Data Source

PatentEP3192087B1Traction transformer
Publication Date: 2020.04.29 ABB POWER GRIDS SWITZERLAND AG
  • EP3192087B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2a
  • EP3192087B1 patent drawingFigure 2b~2c
  • EP3192087B1 patent drawingFigure 2d~3

AI summary

The invention relates to a traction transformer (1) for railbound vehicles comprising: - an insulating liquid filled enclosure (20), - at least two windings (30, 31) contained in the enclosure (20), - a transformer core (40), - mounting means (50) for mounting the transformer (10) to the railbound vehicle, wherein the transformer core (40) is arranged outside the enclosure (20), and wherein the mounting means (50) are attached to the transformer core (40).