Tractor-Trailer Sensor Layout for Misalignment-Aware Positioning
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current navigation systems for tractor-trailer combinations face challenges in real-time object avoidance and accurate positioning, particularly when the tractor and trailer are misaligned, due to limitations in sensor placement and calibration, which can lead to incomplete data collection and increased risk of collisions in tight spaces.
Innovation Solution
A system comprising a plurality of sensors mounted to the tractor, including LiDAR, radar, and cameras, with sensors spaced to cover the entire side of the trailer, and a calibration method using a sensor mounted at the axis of rotation between the tractor and trailer, ensuring comprehensive data collection and accurate positioning even during misalignment.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If sensors are mounted close to the tractor to simplify installation, then device complexity is reduced, but measurement precision deteriorates because the sensors cannot adequately cover the entire trailer side when misalignment occurs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent extends the sensor arrangement from a single-plane configuration to a multi-dimensional spatial distribution. Sensors are mounted at multiple locations including the front, rear, and sides of the tractor, creating a three-dimensional sensing network that collectively covers the entire trailer perimeter even when misaligned, thereby resolving the contradiction between simple mounting and accurate detection
2Measurement precision
If sensors are spaced far apart to cover the entire trailer side, then measurement precision improves, but device complexity increases due to additional mounting requirements and calibration needs
Solution Approach 1:
The patent divides the sensing function into multiple segments by placing sensors at different locations on the tractor (front, rear, left side, right side). Each sensor segment covers a specific portion of the trailer, and the collective data from all segments provides complete coverage. This segmentation allows accurate measurement without requiring a single complex sensor system
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs universal sensor types (such as LiDAR or camera sensors) that can be mounted at multiple locations and perform the same detection function. Each sensor unit is identical and independently functional, simplifying the overall system architecture while achieving comprehensive coverage through multi-functional deployment
3Device complexity
If a single sensor is used to reduce system complexity, then device complexity is reduced, but reliability deteriorates because comprehensive data collection cannot be achieved, especially during misalignment
Solution Approach 1:
The patent assigns different sensing responsibilities to different sensor locations based on their local viewing angles and positions. For example, side-mounted sensors specifically monitor lateral trailer position, while front and rear sensors monitor longitudinal alignment. This local specialization ensures reliable detection of specific trailer states without requiring a single omniscient sensor
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system enables real-time navigation and object avoidance with improved accuracy, reducing the risk of collisions by providing comprehensive data on the trailer's position and attitude, even in tight spaces, and facilitating autonomous movement through complex environments.
Implementation Method 1
the at least one distance ranging sensor comprises at least one of a LIDAR-based sensor
Implementation Method 2
the at least one distance ranging sensor comprises at least one of a radar-based sensor
Implementation Method 3
the at least one distance ranging sensor comprises at least one of an ultrasonic-based sensor
Data Source
AI summary
A system for imaging at least one of a trailer or other conveyance that is connected to a tractor and an environment proximate the tractor, wherein the trailer or other conveyance has two opposed lateral sides, the system comprising a plurality of sensors mounted to the tractor, wherein the sensors together have an active sensing area that encompasses at least the two opposed lateral sides of the trailer or other conveyance.