Underground Traffic Channel Fire Simulation Platform
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Solution Overview
Problem
Current methods for simulating smoke diffusion in underground traffic conversion channels are inadequate due to the unique structural characteristics of these channels, which complicate smoke prevention and exhaust, and existing fire experiment platforms struggle with accurate representation of smoke movement in wide and shallow spaces, leading to incomplete data for fire safety designs.
Innovation Solution
An experiment platform is developed that includes a scale model of an underground traffic conversion channel with a burner and a smoke imaging system using multiple laser sheet light sources and image recording devices, allowing for the observation and recording of smoke distribution in both flow and lateral directions, along with a ventilation and smoke exhaust system to simulate various conditions.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Measurement precision
If a single sheet light source is used to observe smoke structure, then the device complexity is reduced, but the measurement precision is insufficient to capture lateral spread characteristics in wide and shallow spaces
Solution Approach 1:
The single sheet light source is divided into multiple sheet light sources arranged at different positions and orientations. Each light source illuminates a specific slice of the smoke flow, allowing independent observation of smoke distribution in different regions, thereby capturing both vertical and lateral spread characteristics without mutual interference
Solution Approach 2:
The observation system transitions from a single two-dimensional slice to multiple three-dimensional slices by adding light sources at different spatial positions and orientations. This enables comprehensive capture of smoke diffusion in all directions (vertical, lateral, and depth) within the wide and shallow channel cross-section
2Measurement precision
If multiple sheet light sources are simply combined to observe smoke in wide and shallow spaces, then the measurement precision improves, but the device complexity increases and images block and influence each other
Solution Approach 1:
Each sheet light source is configured with specific local characteristics - different positions, orientations, and illumination directions tailored to illuminate specific regions of interest. This ensures that each light source provides optimized illumination for its designated slice without interfering with other slices, maintaining high measurement precision while managing system complexity through localized optimization
Solution Approach 2:
A control system acts as an intermediary to coordinate the multiple sheet light sources, managing their activation timing, intensity modulation, and spatial positioning. This intermediary control enables synchronized operation of multiple light sources without mutual interference, allowing high-precision observation while simplifying the coordination complexity through centralized control
3Ease of manufacture
If conventional tunnel ventilation design rules are applied to underground traffic conversion channels, then the ease of manufacture is improved, but the reliability is reduced due to structural particularity
Solution Approach 1:
A scaled physical model of the underground traffic conversion channel is constructed, accurately replicating the unique wide and shallow cross-sectional geometry and communication channel structure. This physical copy enables direct observation of smoke diffusion patterns under actual fire conditions, providing reliable data specific to the channel's particular structure that cannot be obtained from conventional formulas
Solution Approach 2:
The design approach replaces conventional mechanical calculation methods based on simplified one-dimensional assumptions with optical observation methods using laser sheet illumination and image recording systems. This substitution enables direct visual measurement of three-dimensional smoke flow patterns, providing reliable design parameters that accurately reflect the complex fluid dynamics in the unique channel geometry
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This platform effectively captures the three-dimensional characteristics of smoke movement under different ventilation schemes and fire scenarios, providing more accurate data for fire safety designs and improving the reliability of smoke exhaust systems in underground traffic conversion channels.
Implementation Method 1
plane laser light emitted by the plurality of laser sheet light sources is parallel to a flow direction of the smoke
Implementation Method 2
a burner connected to the model body and configured to generate smoke
Implementation Method 3
One laser sheet light source and one image recording device corresponding thereto each have a filter configured to filter out laser light of a same wavelength
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure provides an experiment platform for simulating fire in an underground traffic conversion channel, including: a model body configured to simulate fire in the an underground traffic conversion channel; a burner connected to the model body and configured to generate smoke; and a smoke imaging system including laser sheet light sources and image recording devices configured to record smoke distribution images. The laser sheet light sources are in the model body, and plane laser light emitted by the laser sheet light sources is parallel to a flow direction of the smoke. The image recording devices are in one-to-one correspondence to the laser sheet light sources and are arranged outside an observation window of the model body. One laser sheet light source and one image recording device corresponding thereto each have a filter configured to filter out laser light of a same wavelength.