Trailer Coupling Ball Neck Locking Mechanism

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing trailer couplings face challenges in stabilizing the ball neck against rotation on the swiveling axis while being cost-effective and space-efficient.

Innovation Solution

A trailer hitch design featuring a central mounting support with a catchment surface for the locking element, allowing the pivoting element to be fixed securely, and utilizing a ring-shaped actuating element with spring energy storage for automatic locking, along with a push-out unit for transitioning between positions.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Stability of the object's composition

If a traditional locking mechanism is used to fix the ball neck against rotation, then the stability is improved, but the device complexity and space requirements increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestability of ball neck against rotationVSAvoidstructural complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Stability of the object's compositionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The locking body is integrated within the receiving carrier structure, with the locking element nested inside the receiving carrier. The actuating element is positioned within the space around the pivot axis, utilizing the existing structural volume rather than adding external components. This nesting approach provides stable locking while minimizing device complexity and space requirements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #7Nested doll (Nesting)

Solution Approach 2:

The locking unit combines multiple functions into a single integrated mechanism: the receiving carrier holds both the locking body and guides the locking element, while the actuating element simultaneously controls the locking element's movement and interfaces with the push-out unit. This merging of functions reduces the number of separate components and simplifies the overall structure while maintaining stability.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #5Merging (Combining)

2Reliability

If multiple locking elements are added to improve locking stability, then the reliability is improved, but the device complexity increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvelocking stabilityVSAvoidnumber of locking elements
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The locking element is positioned asymmetrically within the receiving carrier, allowing a single locking element to engage with the locking receptacle in a way that provides stable locking. The asymmetric arrangement of the locking body and locking element creates a mechanically advantageous engagement that ensures reliability without requiring multiple symmetric locking elements.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #4Asymmetry

Solution Approach 2:

The spring energy storage device automatically returns the actuating element to its initial position after actuation, causing the locking element to automatically re-engage with the locking receptacle. This self-service mechanism ensures reliable locking without requiring additional actuators or complex control systems for each locking element.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

3Ease of operation

If a manual actuating mechanism is used, then the ease of operation is improved, but the extent of automation decreases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvemanual actuationVSAvoidautomatic locking
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSExtent of automation

Solution Approach 1:

The spring energy storage device replaces the need for complex mechanical actuators or motors by using elastic potential energy to automatically return the actuating element to its initial position. This mechanical substitution provides automatic locking functionality while maintaining simple manual actuation through the push-out unit, balancing ease of operation with automation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

4Ease of operation

If the actuating element is designed to move in radial direction, then the ease of operation is improved, but the installation space required increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveactuation movementVSAvoidinstallation space
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSArea of stationary object

Solution Approach 1:

The actuating element is designed to rotate about the pivot axis rather than moving purely in the radial direction. This dimensional change allows the actuating element to access the locking element through rotational movement within the existing radial space, providing ease of operation without requiring additional installation space. The actuating surface sequence on the actuating element enables this rotational actuation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

The design provides stable and automatic locking of the pivoting element, ensuring secure fixation while minimizing space and cost, allowing for efficient operation between working and rest positions.

Implementation Method 1

it is preferably provided that the actuating element is constantly acted upon by a spring energy storage device in the direction of its locking position

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectSpring energy storage: Spring

Data Source

PatentEP2567836B2Tow bar
Publication Date: 2021.04.21 ACPS AUTOMOTIVE GMBH
  • EP2567836B2 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP2567836B2 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP2567836B2 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

In order to fix the ball neck and the swivel element in the working position on the swivel axis in a trailer coupling comprising a holding unit that is permanently connected to a vehicle body, a swivel bearing unit provided on the holding unit with a swivel bearing base connected to the holding unit and with a swivel element that is pivotable about a swivel axis relative to the swivel bearing base and is displaceable between a fixed position and a swivel position, a ball neck held on the swivel element, and a fixing unit which, in the fixed position of the swivel element, fixes the swivel element in a rotationally fixed manner and, in the swivel position, allows pivoting, and an axially acting locking unit that prevents displacement in the direction of the swivel axis and with which the fixing unit can be fixed in the fixed position against movement in the direction of the swivel position, it is proposed thatthat the pivoting element has a central pivot bearing body which is pivotably mounted in a pivot bearing body receptacle of the pivot bearing base which radially surrounds it and is slidably mounted between the pivoting position and the fixed position.