Trailer Coupling Height Control Using Chassis Gradient Detection

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing methods for coupling a semi-trailer to a towing vehicle are complex and prone to damage due to unreliable detection of contact between the coupling plate and the semi-trailer's fifth wheel, as changes in actuating speed or height gradient do not always indicate actual contact.

Innovation Solution

A method involving a leveling system to adjust the chassis height relative to the rear axle, using a reference height profile and gradient to reliably detect contact by comparing actual and reference gradients, ensuring the coupling plate and fifth wheel align without initial contact, and utilizing existing vehicle sensors for plausibility checks.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Extent of automation

If a change in actuating speed or height gradient is used to detect contact between the coupling plate and fifth wheel, then the coupling process can be automated, but the detection reliability deteriorates because the change does not necessarily result from actual contact

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveautomation of coupling processVSAvoidcontact detection reliability
Core Design Contradiction:
Extent of automationVSReliability

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary measurement of the reference height gradient before the coupling process begins. This reference value is stored and used later for comparison during the actual coupling operation, enabling reliable contact detection without requiring complex real-time analysis of actuating speed changes

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The system continuously monitors the actual height gradient during the coupling process and compares it with the pre-stored reference height gradient. When a deviation exceeds a threshold value, the system identifies this as contact between the coupling plate and fifth wheel, providing reliable feedback for automated control

Inventive Principle:
Principle #23Feedback

2Ease of operation

If the chassis height is continuously adjusted during coupling, then the coupling plate can be brought closer to the fifth wheel, but the complexity of the control process increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoupling process simplicityVSAvoidcontrol system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
Ease of operationVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The leveling system automatically adjusts the chassis height based on the comparison between actual and reference height gradients. The system self-regulates the coupling process by autonomously controlling the height adjustment without requiring complex manual intervention or sophisticated control algorithms

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

Solution Approach 2:

The system replaces complex mechanical coupling adjustment mechanisms with an electronic control system that uses height gradient measurement and comparison. This substitution simplifies the overall control process by using sensor-based feedback rather than mechanical linkages

Inventive Principle:
Principle #28Mechanics substitution (Replace mechanical system)

3Productivity

If manual adjustment of the coupling plate height is required, then the coupling process can be performed without complex sensors, but the time required for coupling increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvecoupling speedVSAvoidsensor and control system complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ProductivityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The height gradient sensor system serves multiple functions: it monitors the coupling process, detects contact between components, and provides feedback for automated control. This multi-functionality enables fast automated coupling without requiring multiple separate sensor systems

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Solution Approach 2:

The system uses changes in the height gradient parameter as the primary indicator for coupling status. By monitoring this single parameter and comparing it against a reference value, the system achieves fast automated detection without complex sensor arrays or multiple measurement parameters

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

Data Source

PatentEP4196359B1Method for coupling a trailer to a towing vehicle and vehicle
Publication Date: 2025.10.29 ZF CV SYST GLOBAL GMBH
  • EP4196359B1 patent drawingFigure 1~3
  • EP4196359B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP4196359B1 patent drawingFigure 4~6

AI summary

The invention relates to a method for coupling a trailer (1b) to a towing vehicle (1a), wherein the towing vehicle (1a) has a level control system (10), it being possible to modify a height of the chassis (2) in relation to at least one rear axle (11) of the towing vehicle (1a) by actuating the level control system (10), comprising at least the following steps: - reading in a reference height characteristic, wherein the reference height characteristic assigns a reference height gradient to different actual height values (HIst) for the height of the chassis (2) in relation to the at least one rear axle (11); - modifying the height of the chassis (2) in relation to the at least one rear axle (11) and continually ascertaining actual height values (HIst) and actual height gradients while modifying the height (H) of the chassis (2) in relation to the at least one rear axle (11), the currently ascertained actual height gradient being assigned to an actual height value (HIst); - checking a coupling criterion by comparing a currently ascertained actual height gradient with a reference height gradient from the read-in reference height characteristic; - maintaining the height of the chassis (2) in relation to the at least one rear axle (11) when the coupling criterion is met, the coupling criterion being met when the currently ascertained actual height gradient differs from the reference height gradient.