Active Train Obstacle Detection Using Laser Radar and Video
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing train signal control systems rely heavily on driver visual observation, which is prone to errors due to distraction and fatigue, and passive obstacle detection devices have limitations such as short operating distance and lack of warning time, especially in driverless train systems.
Innovation Solution
An active train obstacle detection method based on a positioning technique, utilizing a combination of electronic maps, laser radar, and video recognition to accurately detect obstacles and provide early warnings, by acquiring electronic maps, correcting initial parameters, performing camera calibration, detecting obstacles, and outputting recognition results.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Device complexity
If driver visual observation is used for obstacle detection, then the system is simple, but detection reliability deteriorates due to distraction and fatigue
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical/visual observation system with an automated sensor-based system. Specifically, it uses laser radar (LIDAR) to emit laser beams for obstacle detection, replacing the driver's visual observation mechanism. This substitution eliminates human factors like distraction and fatigue while maintaining detection functionality.
Solution Approach 2:
The detection system performs self-service by automatically detecting obstacles without requiring driver intervention. The system includes autonomous obstacle detection, positioning, and warning functions that operate independently of human operation, enabling the train to self-monitor its environment and trigger warnings automatically.
2Device complexity
If passive obstacle detection devices with contact levers are used, then the system is simple, but operating distance and warning time are insufficient
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces the mechanical contact lever system with optical sensing technology. Specifically, it uses laser radar to emit laser beams that can detect obstacles at remote distances without physical contact. This substitution dramatically increases the operating distance and provides sufficient warning time before collision.
Solution Approach 2:
The laser radar system performs periodic scanning of the environment by emitting laser beams at regular intervals. This continuous periodic detection enables the system to maintain awareness of obstacles at extended distances and provide timely warnings, unlike the single-point contact detection of passive devices.
3Measurement precision
If laser radar and video recognition are combined for obstacle detection, then detection accuracy is improved, but device complexity increases
Solution Approach 1:
The patent merges multiple detection technologies - specifically combining laser radar (LIDAR) for 3D spatial mapping with video recognition for object identification and classification. This fusion of sensing modalities provides complementary information that enhances overall detection accuracy, with laser radar providing precise distance and position data while video recognition identifies obstacle types and characteristics.
Solution Approach 2:
The detection system achieves multi-functionality by integrating multiple sensors that can detect different aspects of obstacles. The laser radar handles distance measurement and 3D positioning, while the video camera handles object recognition and classification. This universal approach allows a single system to perform multiple detection functions simultaneously, improving overall accuracy despite increased complexity.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The method enhances obstacle detection accuracy and warning time, reducing the risk of collisions and improving safety in rail transit systems, especially in scenarios with multiple tracks and turnouts.
Implementation Method 1
a laser radar mounted in front of the train and configured to emit laser beams in a scanning manner to measure a distance to an obstacle
Implementation Method 2
a video camera mounted in front of the train and configured to capture images of a track in front of the train
Data Source
AI summary
The invention relates to an active train obstacle detection method and apparatus based on a positioning technique. The active train obstacle detection method comprises the following steps: S1, acquiring an electronic map; S2, correcting initial parameters; S3, performing parameter calibration of a video camera; S4, detecting a train obstacle; and S5, outputting an obstacle recognition result. The apparatus comprises a positioning module, a laser radar detection module, a video recognition module, an operational host and an interface module, wherein the operational host is connected to the positioning module, the laser radar detection module, the video recognition module and the interface module respectively. Compared with the prior art, the invention can increase the obstacle detection rate and reduce report failures and errors.