Tram Power Supply Rail Misalignment Detection via Vibration Analysis

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Solution Overview

Problem

The wear differences between conductive and insulating sections of the power rail due to vehicle passage lead to misalignments, causing shocks and damage to the feed pads and rail, necessitating early detection and remediation.

Innovation Solution

A method involving vibration measurement and comparison to a threshold value, with graphic representation of the rail to identify misalignments, using sensors like accelerometers and strain gauges to evaluate forces, and a computer system for data analysis and intervention prioritization.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If vibration sensors and monitoring systems are installed on vehicles to detect misalignments, then the reliability of the power supply system is improved through early detection, but the device complexity and cost increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvereliability of the power supply systemVSAvoiddevice complexity
Core Design Contradiction:
ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system uses the vehicle itself as the detection platform, utilizing its own movement and integrated sensors to monitor the power supply rail alignment. This self-service approach eliminates the need for separate fixed monitoring infrastructure along the rail, reducing overall system complexity while maintaining high reliability through continuous real-time detection during normal vehicle operation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #25Self-service

2Measurement precision

If continuous monitoring of all rail sections is implemented, then the detection precision of misalignments is improved, but the loss of time and resources for data processing increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvedetection precisionVSAvoidloss of time
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The system extracts only the critical information (vibration anomalies exceeding threshold values) from the continuous sensor data stream, rather than processing all raw data. By filtering and identifying only significant misalignment events, the system maintains high detection precision while minimizing the time and computational resources required for data analysis and maintenance scheduling.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #2Taking out (Extraction)

3Strength

If feed pads are made more durable to withstand shocks, then the strength of the component is improved, but the manufacturing cost and complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvestrength of the feed padVSAvoidease of manufacture
Core Design Contradiction:
StrengthVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs preliminary detection and alerts maintenance teams before misalignments cause severe shocks to feed pads. By detecting and addressing alignment issues proactively, the system prevents extreme stress conditions that would require overly robust (and complex/expensive) feed pad designs, allowing for simpler, more easily manufactured components that only need to withstand normal operational loads.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

Enables timely detection and prioritization of maintenance for misaligned sections, reducing damage and improving the reliability of the power supply system by visualizing abnormal vibration zones and correlating them with spatial coordinates and force data.

Implementation Method 1

the feed pad vibration sensor includes an accelerometer

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectAccelerometer: Accelerometer

Implementation Method 2

the lever comprising a device for evaluating the stresses and/or the vertical and transverse forces, the said evaluation device comprising at least one accelerometer and/or at least one strain gauge

Methodology Applied
Scientific EffectStrain gauge: Piezoresistive Effect

Data Source

PatentEP3354510B1Method for the maintenance of a ground-level power supply device for a tram-like vehicle
Publication Date: 2021.09.22 ALSTOM TRANSPORT TECH SAS
  • EP3354510B1 patent drawingFigure 1~2
  • EP3354510B1 patent drawingFigure 3~5
  • EP3354510B1 patent drawingFigure 4

AI summary

The invention relates to a method for maintaining a ground-based electrical power supply device (14) for a transport vehicle (16), comprising: a power supply rail (22); a device (36) for detecting the spatial coordinates of a vehicle; and a power supply pad (32); said device and said pad being fitted to the same vehicle (16). The power supply pad includes a vibration sensor (34), and the method comprises the following steps: - during the vehicle's movement along the rail, measurement of the pad's vibrations and simultaneous detection of the vehicle's spatial coordinates; then - comparison of the measured pad vibrations with a threshold value, and - determination of the spatial coordinates corresponding to vibrations exceeding said threshold value.