Transceiver Beamforming via Channel Estimation

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Solution Overview

Problem

Existing beamforming technologies in wireless communication systems, including intersatellite communication and ground-based communication, face challenges in improving service quality and efficiency.

Innovation Solution

A transceiver system with multiple antennas, a channel estimation unit, and an antenna control unit that performs channel estimation based on reference signals from reference communication apparatuses and adjusts antenna configurations to form directed beams for improved communication area formation and signal reception.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Reliability

If beamforming technology is used to improve service quality, then communication efficiency and stability are improved, but device complexity increases due to multiple antennas and control units

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvecommunication stabilityVSAvoidsystem complexity

Core Design Contradiction:

ReliabilityVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The system divides the communication area into multiple sectors using multiple antennas, with each antenna handling a specific spatial sector. This segmentation allows the system to improve reliability through spatial diversity while managing complexity by distributing functions across multiple simpler antenna units rather than one complex processing unit.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The beamforming system dynamically adjusts antenna weights and phases based on channel conditions to maintain optimal communication. This dynamic adaptation improves reliability by responding to changing environments, while the automation of this process through control algorithms manages the complexity burden.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #15Dynamics

2Measurement precision

If channel estimation is performed for each reference communication apparatus to improve communication precision, then directivity accuracy is improved, but processing time and complexity increase

Engineering Contradiction:

Improvechannel estimation accuracyVSAvoidprocessing time

Core Design Contradiction:

Measurement precisionVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

The system performs channel estimation using reference signals transmitted from reference communication apparatuses before actual data transmission. This preliminary estimation allows the antenna control unit to pre-calculate optimal beamforming weights, improving measurement precision while reducing real-time processing time during actual communication.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

Reference communication apparatuses transmit known reference signals that enable the transceiver to perform self-channel-estimation without requiring external calibration equipment or complex external coordination. This self-service approach improves estimation accuracy while minimizing additional processing overhead.

Inventive Principle:

Principle #25Self-service

Applied Scientific Principles

This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.

Function Achieved in This Case

This solution enhances service quality by forming communication areas with predetermined sizes and reducing interference, thereby improving communication efficiency and stability in wireless communication systems.

Implementation Method 1

an antenna control unit that controls the plurality of antennas using an estimation value obtained by the channel estimation to form a beam having directivity in a direction in which the one or more first communication apparatuses are located

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectBeamforming:

Implementation Method 2

a channel estimation unit that performs channel estimation for each of the one or more first communication apparatuses based on a known reference signal transmitted from the one or more first communication apparatuses

Methodology Applied

Scientific EffectChannel estimation:

Data Source

PatentUS12316418B2Transceiver, wireless communication system and wireless communication method

Publication Date: 2025.05.27 NIPPON TELEGRAPH & TELEPHONE CORP

AI summary

A transceiver includes: a plurality of antennas that performs communication with one or more first communication apparatuses serving as reference at the time of forming a communication area and a second communication apparatus located near the one or more first communication apparatuses; a channel estimation unit configured to perform channel estimation for each of the one or more first communication apparatuses based on a known reference signal transmitted from the one or more first communication apparatuses; and an antenna control unit configured to control the plurality of antennas using an estimation value obtained by the channel estimation to form a beam having directivity in a direction in which the one or more first communication apparatuses are located. According to the control of the antenna control unit, the plurality of antennas forms a transmission beam in a communication area formed in a predetermined range including the one or more first communication apparatuses or forms a reception beam for receiving a signal transmitted from the second communication apparatus located in the communication area.