Transceiver Distance Measuring Systems for Relay Attack Prevention
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Solution Overview
Problem
Existing systems for motor vehicle transceivers lack effective methods to reliably detect changes in transceiver positions, which can lead to security vulnerabilities such as relay attacks and unauthorized access.
Innovation Solution
Implementing a system with distance determining devices and comparators to measure and compare current distance values between transceivers against stored reference values, using correlation values like the sum of squares of differences or threshold exceedance to detect position changes, thereby enhancing security and authentication processes.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Ease of operation
If radio access functions are implemented in motor vehicles, then convenience and ease of operation are improved, but security vulnerabilities such as relay attacks and unauthorized access increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent replaces traditional radio signal-based authentication with a physics-based measurement system using time-of-flight (ToF) measurements. This substitutes electromagnetic field-based authentication with precise distance measurements based on the speed of light, making relay attacks detectable through physical distance verification rather than just signal presence.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent introduces transceivers as intermediary devices that perform bidirectional time-of-flight measurements between the motor vehicle and the portable device. These transceivers act as mediators that verify physical distance through multiple measurement points, preventing relay attacks by ensuring the authenticated device is at the correct physical location.
2Device complexity
If transceiver positions are fixed and unknown, then device complexity is reduced, but measurement precision of distance changes deteriorates
Solution Approach 1:
The patent segments the distance measurement into multiple independent measurements between different transceiver pairs. Instead of requiring a single complex positioning system, multiple simpler distance measurements are taken between various transceiver combinations, and these segmented measurements are collectively used to detect position changes through correlation analysis.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent transitions from attempting to determine absolute position coordinates to measuring relative distance changes between transceivers. By measuring distances in multiple dimensional combinations (between different transceiver pairs) and analyzing correlations, the system detects position changes without needing to know absolute positions or complex spatial coordinates.
3Reliability
If multiple distance measurements are performed between transceivers, then reliability of position detection is improved, but device complexity and processing requirements increase
Solution Approach 1:
The patent performs more distance measurements than the absolute minimum required (excessive action) by measuring between multiple transceiver pairs. This redundancy of measurements improves reliability by providing multiple data points for correlation analysis, allowing the system to detect position changes even if some individual measurements are affected by noise or interference.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent implements a feedback mechanism where distance measurements are continuously taken and compared against reference values. The correlation values calculated from these measurements provide feedback about transceiver position stability, allowing the system to authenticate based on whether position changes exceed predetermined thresholds, thereby improving reliability through continuous verification.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
This approach improves the reliability of radio access functions in motor vehicles by accurately detecting transceiver position changes, preventing unauthorized access, and enhancing security against attacks like relay attacks.
Implementation Method 1
at least one distance determining device (Cont), which is designed to measure a current distance value (dij, current; tij, current) that represents the respective distance of two (i, j) of the device transceivers (TRX1, TRX2, TRX3, TRX4, TRX5, TRX6) relative to each other
Data Source
AI summary
The present disclosure relates to transmitter and/or receiver units (transceivers), such as in particular motor vehicle transceivers. The teachings thereof may be embodied in methods and devices for detecting changes in the positions of transceivers relative to each other. For example, a system may include: a distance determining device to measure a current distance value corresponding to a respective distance of two of the transceivers relative to each other; and a comparator to compare the at least one current distance value and with a stored reference distance value.