Emergency Transection Catheter with Balloon Isolation and Bypass
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Solution Overview
Problem
During emergency transection operations, significant blood loss occurs due to the time required to locate and repair damaged large blood vessels like the aorta, as the hematoma in the damaged area complicates the surgical process.
Innovation Solution
A blood bypass system comprising an elongated catheter with inflatable balloons and a nose cone dilator, allowing for temporary isolation of the damaged vessel region, enabling blood flow diversion and giving surgeons more time to perform repairs.
Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles
Engineering Contradiction Analysis
1Reliability
If the surgeon performs open chest surgery to repair the torn aorta, then the transection can be repaired, but significant blood loss occurs due to the time required to locate and repair the damaged vessel
Solution Approach 1:
The patent introduces a temporary aortic crossclamp as an intermediary device that can be rapidly applied to the aorta to stop blood flow distal to the clamp. This mediator provides immediate hemostasis without requiring the surgeon to locate and repair the transection site, thereby preventing significant blood loss while the definitive repair is performed.
Solution Approach 2:
The patent employs preliminary action by pre-positioning the crossclamp on the aorta before the transection is fully addressed. The crossclamp is applied in advance to establish blood flow control, allowing the surgeon to take their time with the complex repair operation without the pressure of ongoing blood loss.
2Manufacturing precision
If the surgeon takes time to locate the actual transection and make a suitable repair, then the repair can be made accurately, but significant blood loss can occur during this time
Solution Approach 1:
The temporary aortic crossclamp serves as a mediator that decouples the time required for accurate transection localization from the time available for blood flow control. By applying the crossclamp first, the surgeon has unlimited time to accurately locate and repair the transection without the constraint of ongoing blood loss.
Solution Approach 2:
The crossclamp is applied in preliminary action before the surgeon begins the complex task of locating and repairing the transection. This preliminary hemostasis establishes a safe working environment that allows the surgeon to take their time with the precision repair without time pressure from blood loss.
3Quantity of substance
If the nose cone dilator is advanced through the haemostatic seal, then blood flow is established through the catheter lumen, but the haemostatic seal must be overcome
Solution Approach 1:
The haemostatic seal is segmented into multiple stages of resistance. The guide wire catheter first penetrates the seal, then the nose cone dilator is advanced to fully open the seal and establish blood flow. This segmentation of the penetration process makes the operation more manageable and controlled.
Solution Approach 2:
The guide wire catheter performs preliminary action by initially penetrating the haemostatic seal before the main nose cone dilator is advanced. This preliminary breach of the seal reduces the resistance encountered by the subsequent dilator advancement, making the overall operation easier and more controlled.
Applied Scientific Principles
This section explains which scientific principles are used to turn an abstract innovation direction into a practical engineering solution.
Function Achieved in This Case
The system effectively reduces blood loss by isolating the damaged area, allowing for controlled blood flow during repair, thereby facilitating safer and more timely surgical interventions.
Implementation Method 1
first and second inflatable balloons spaced apart on the elongate catheter... the balloons inflated such that a region of the vessel between the balloons is isolated
Implementation Method 2
the nose cone dilator advanced by moving the guide wire catheter through the haemostatic seal to allow blood flow into the lumen of the elongate catheter
Implementation Method 3
a haemostatic seal on a second end of the catheter and closing off the second end of the elongate catheter
Data Source
AI summary
An emergency transection intervention device has an elongated catheter (4) with a movable nose cone dilator (8) temporarily closing off the first end of the elongate catheter, a haemostatic seal (6) on a second end of the catheter and closing off the second end of the elongate catheter. First and second inflatable balloons (12, 14) are spaced apart on the elongate catheter, and there is an aperture (16) in the elongate catheter between the balloons and the haemostatic seal. The emergency transection intervention device can be deployed into a blood vessel of the human or animal body, during an emergency procedure for instance, with the balloons positioned either side of a damaged portion of the vessel and the balloons inflated such that a region of the vessel between the balloons is isolated. The nose cone dilator can then be advanced to allow blood flow through the elongate catheter and exit through the aperture in the elongate catheter to bypass the damaged portion of the vessel during repair.