Transformable Tagging Moieties for Oligonucleotide Library Simplification

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Solution Overview

Problem

Current barcoding strategies in life sciences require large, diverse libraries of oligonucleotide barcodes, which are challenging to prepare and manage, especially for large numbers of samples, leading to inefficiencies and increased costs.

Innovation Solution

The use of transformable tagging moieties that can be transformed in situ into a collection of unique tagging or 'barcode' moieties, allowing for differential tagging of molecular species with a smaller number of original tags, such as oligonucleotides with degenerate nucleotides that can randomly or semi-randomly replicate to generate diverse sequences.

Engineering Contradictions & Design Principles

VSEngineering Contradiction Analysis

1Measurement precision

If large, diverse libraries of oligonucleotide barcodes are used for tagging molecular species, then the ability to distinguish between large numbers of different samples is improved, but the complexity of preparing and managing these libraries increases significantly

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveability to distinguish between samplesVSAvoidcomplexity of preparing and managing barcode libraries
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSDevice complexity

Solution Approach 1:

The barcode library is segmented into multiple smaller sub-libraries, each containing a subset of the total barcode sequences. These sub-libraries can be independently prepared, managed, and pooled, reducing the complexity of handling the complete library while maintaining the ability to distinguish between samples through combinatorial pooling strategies.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #1Segmentation

Solution Approach 2:

The patent introduces a temporal dimension to barcode identification by using barcode sequences that can be read at different stages of the workflow. Additionally, spatial dimensionality is utilized through combinatorial pooling where barcodes are distributed across multiple pools and samples, allowing identification through the pattern of presence/absence across pools rather than requiring direct sequencing of all barcodes.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #17Another dimension (Dimensionality change)

2Quantity of substance

If large, diverse libraries of oligonucleotide barcodes are prepared and allocated across large numbers of samples, then comprehensive tagging coverage is achieved, but the time and resources required for library preparation and management increase

Engineering Contradiction:
Improvenumber of tagged samplesVSAvoidtime for library preparation and allocation
Core Design Contradiction:
Quantity of substanceVSLoss of time

Solution Approach 1:

Barcode libraries are pre-prepared and stored in a standardized format before sample processing begins. The libraries are organized into predetermined pools with known compositions, allowing rapid allocation to samples without requiring de novo library preparation for each experimental run. This preliminary organization significantly reduces the time required for library preparation and allocation.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #10Preliminary action

Solution Approach 2:

The patent utilizes variable parameters in barcode design, such as degenerate nucleotides that can adopt multiple base identities, allowing a single barcode sequence to represent multiple specific sequences. This parameter variation enables comprehensive tagging coverage with fewer physical barcode sequences, reducing the time and resources needed for library preparation while maintaining the ability to distinguish between large numbers of samples.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #35Parameter changes

3Measurement precision

If diverse barcode libraries are used for tagging, then accurate identification of molecular species is enabled, but the cost of preparing and maintaining these libraries increases

Engineering Contradiction:
Improveaccuracy of molecular species identificationVSAvoidcost of library preparation and maintenance
Core Design Contradiction:
Measurement precisionVSEase of manufacture

Solution Approach 1:

Instead of synthesizing and maintaining large numbers of unique barcode sequences, the patent uses a smaller set of barcode sequences that are replicated and distributed across multiple pools and samples. The identification accuracy is maintained through the combinatorial pooling strategy and degenerate nucleotide design, which allow a single barcode sequence to serve multiple identification purposes, thereby reducing the cost of library preparation and maintenance.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #26Copying

Solution Approach 2:

The barcode library is designed with universal features that allow the same set of barcodes to be used across multiple experiments, samples, and applications. The degenerate nucleotide sequences and standardized pool structures enable the library to serve multiple functions simultaneously, reducing the need for separate specialized libraries and thereby lowering the overall cost of library preparation and maintenance while maintaining accurate identification capabilities.

Inventive Principle:
Principle #6Universality (Multi-functionality)

Data Source

PatentEP3377657B1Transformable tagging methods
Publication Date: 2020.11.11 10X GENOMICS INC
  • EP3377657B1 patent drawingFigure 1
  • EP3377657B1 patent drawingFigure 2
  • EP3377657B1 patent drawingFigure 3

AI summary

The present disclosure provides methods, systems and compositions that provide transformable tagging moieties for use in analytical operations, and particularly in analysis biological systems, such as in the analysis of gene expression in cell based systems.